Các kỹ năng dạy từ mới môn tiếng Anh ở trường THCS

A-Lý do chän ®Ò tµi Nh­ chóng ta ®· biÕt ,n¨m häc 2007-2008 lµ n¨m häc thø hai toµn nghµnh gi¸o dôc ta thùc hiÖn cuéc vËn ®éng “ hai kh«ng” víi bèn néi dung ,nh»m n©ng cao chÊt l­îng gi¸o dôc. §æi míi s¸ch gi¸o khoa , gi¶m t¶i ch­¬ng tr×nh, ®æi míi ph­¬ng ph¸p d¹y , trªn c¬ së toµn diÖn ®Ó ph¸t huy tÝnh tÝch cùc chñ ®éng s¸ng t¹o , tÝnh tÝch cùc cña häc sinh, lÊy häc sinh lµm trung t©m. Lµm thÕ nµo ®Ó häc sinh hiÓu bµi , tiÕp thu bµi nhanh nhÊt, cã nh÷ng giê häc s«i ®éng , thu hót ®­îc häc sinh , cã nh÷ng ph­¬ng ph¸p d¹y hay ®Ó hocj sinh dÔ n¾m b¾t ®­îc bµi ngay t¹i líp lu«n lµ nh÷ng tr¨n trë ®èi víi mçi ng­êi d¹y tiÕng Anh nh­ chóng t«i. §Ó cã thµnh c«ng trong mçi giê d¹y tiÕng Anh ng­êi gi¸o viªn lu«n ph¶i ®æi míi ®ång bé ph­¬ng ph¸p d¹y. VÝ dô: ®æi míi ph­¬ng ph¸p d¹y tõ vùng, ng÷ ph¸p cÊu tróc c©u vµ c¸c kü n¨ng d¹y (nghe , nãi , ®äc , viÕt). §èi víi c¸c em häc sinh , viÖc häc tõ vùng vµ nhí chóng cµng nhiÒu cµng tèt lµ rÊt h÷u Ých vµ cÇn thiÕt.Bëi v× cã nhí ®­îc tõ th× c¸c em míi cã thÓ hiÓu ®­îc ngay thÇy c« nãi g× tõ ®ã c¸c em dÔ dµng tr¶ lêi c¸c c©u hái cña thÇy c« gi¸o. Víi kh¶ n¨ng cho phÐp sau ®©y t«i xin tr×nh bµy s¸ng kiÕn kinh nghiªm vÒ : “ C¸c kü n¨ng d¹y tõ míi m«n tiÕng Anh ë tr­êng THCS” B- Qu¸ tr×nh thùc hiÖn ®Ò tµi Nh­ chóng ta ®· biÕt , tr­íc ®©y theo ph­¬ng ph¸p d¹y häc cò, thÇy gi¸o ®ãng vai trß trung t©m lµ ng­êi truyÒn ®¹t kiÕn thøc cßn häc sinh lµ ®èi t­îng tiÕp nhËn kiÕn thøc mét c¸ch thô déng .Ph­¬ng ph¸p nµy Ýt mang l¹i hiÖu qu¶ gi¸o dôc , nã kh«ng phï hîp víi t×nh h×nh ph¸t triÓn cña n­íc ta hiÖn nay .B©y giê viÖc ®æi míi ph­¬ng ph¸p d¹y häc nh»m ph¸t huy tÝnh tÝch cùc cña häc sinh yªu cÇu häc sinh ph¶i biÕt tù gi¸c , chñ ®éng s¸ng t¹o , chiÕm lÜnh lµm chñ kiÕn thøc. Thùc hiÖn ®­îc yªu cÇu nµy , gi¸o viªn ph¶i lµ ng­êi cã vai trß h­íng dÉn , ®iÒu khiÓn , tæ chøc häc sinh ho¹t ®éng . Do vËy viÖc t×m tßi vµ vËn dông c¸c ph­¬ng ph¸p míi lu«n lu«n ®ßi hái mçi gi¸o viªn ph¶i cã. H¬n thÕ n÷a , ngo¹i ng÷ lµ mét m«n häc ®ßi hái häc sinh ph¶i cã tÝnh ch¨m chØ , häc th­êng xuyªn , ë mäi lóc mäi n¬i th× míi ph¸t triÓn ®­îc vèn tõ vùng . Cã vèn tõ kh¸ th× häc sinh míi vËn dông c¸c kiÕn thøc cña m×nh vµo c¸c bµi häc. Bªn c¹nh ®ã , viÖc pháng ®o¸n néi dung chÝnh trong mét tiÕt häc còng kh«ng thÓ thiÕu ®­îc . Tr­íc ®©y , theo ph­¬ng ph¸p cò , gi¸o viªn th­êng ®Ò cËp ngay vµo bµi míi, kh«ng kÝch thÝch ®­îc kh¶ n¨ng t­ duy cña häc sinh nªn c¸c em th­êng rÊt thô ®éng , do ®ã hiÖu qu¶ cña c¸c giê häc kh«ng cao . §øng tr­íc yªu cÇu vÒ viÖc ®æi míi ph­¬ng ph¸p d¹y häc , lµm thÕ nµo ®Ó n©ng cao chÊt l­îng giê d¹y ? VËn dông ®­îc nh÷ng ph­¬ng ph¸p nµo ®Ó ph¸t huy tÝnh tÝch cùc , chñ ®éng vµ s¸ng t¹o cña häc sinh ? §ã lu«n lµ nçi lo ©u , tr¨n trë , nh÷ng suy nghÜ cña ®éi ngò gi¸o viªn – nh÷ng ng­êi s½n sµng hiÕn c¶ cuéc ®êi m×nh cho sù nghiÖp gi¸o dôc ChÝnh v× vËy mçi gi¸o viªn chóng ta ph¶i kh«ng ngõng t×m tßi s¸ng t¹o , häc hái ®ång nghiÖp ®Ó t×m ra ph­¬ng ph¸p d¹y häc tèi ­u nhÊt phï hîp víi häc sinh. III- Sè liÖu ®iÒu tra tr­íc khi thùc hiÖn : Trong nh÷ng n¨m häc gÇn ®©y, thùc hiÖn ch­¬ng tr×nh c¶i c¸ch s¸ch gi¸o khoa , ¸p dông ph­¬ng ph¸p d¹y häc míi t«i thÊy víi ph­¬ng ph¸p d¹y tõ míi víi nhiÒu thñ thuËt kh¸c nhau häc sinh tõ líp 6 ®Õn líp 9 nhiÒu em ®· cã thÓ nhí tõ ngay t¹i líp vµ cã vèn tõ vùng rÊt kh¸. III-Nh÷ng biÖn ph¸p thùc hiÖn ( Néi dung chñ yÕu cña ®Ò tµi ) Tõ l©u nay , gi¸o viªn chóng ta vÉn quen víi c¸ch d¹y truyÒn thèng lµ b¸m theo s¸ch , ng­êi thÇy lµm trung t©m cña tiÕt häc nªn viÖc ®æi míi ph­¬ng ph¸p d¹y häc kh«ng Ýt thÇy c« c¶m thÊy bèi rèi. Do vËy , ®Ó chuÈn bÞ mét tiÕt d¹y tõ vùng hay , l«i cuèn ®­îc häc sinh , ®ßi hái gi¸o viªn ph¶ mÊt nhiÒu thêi gian ®Ó t×m tßi , s­u tÇm tranh ¶nh , lµm ®å dïng gi¸o cô trùc quan , mang nh÷ng vËt thËt ®¬n gi¶n ®Õn líp….. gióp häc sinh nhí tõ ngay t¹i líp . V× vËy d¹y tõ vùng theo ph­¬ng ph¸p míi , ®¹t hiÖu qu¶ cao nhÊt cÇn ®¶m b¶o c¸c b­íc sau : 1- Kh©u chuÈn bÞ : * §èi víi gi¸o viªn : - Gi¸o viªn cÇn ®Çu t­ nhiÒu thêi gian ®Ó t×m kiÕm tµi liÖu, h×nh ¶nh liªn quan ®Õn chñ ®Ò , ®ång thêi kh«ng ngõng cËp nhËt th«ng tin ®Ó hç trî bµi gi¶ng. -Th­êng xuyªn lµm ®å dïng gi¸o cô trùc quan ®¬n gi¶n ®Ó g©y høng thó trong c¸c tiÕt häc . - ChuÈn bÞ bµi thËt kü, chi tiÕt tr­íc khi ®Õn líp. * §èi víi häc sinh: - S­u tÇm nhiÒu tµi liÖu , tranh ¶nh liªn quan ®Õn bµi gi¶ng cïng gi¸o viªn . - ChuÈn bÞ bµi kü tr­íc khi ®Õn líp. - T×m tr­íc tõ míi ë nhµ. - LuyÖn c¸ch ph¸t ©m th­êng xuyªn. - TÝch cùc lµm ®å dïng gi¸o cô trùc quan khi gi¸o viªn yªu cÇu . - Trong líp chó ý nghe gi¶ng, h¨ng h¸i ph¸t biÓu x©y dùng bµi , tÝch cùc, tù gi¸c khi ho¹t ®éng nhãm , cÆp . 2- Vµo bµi Tuú tõng bµi gi¶ng gi¸o viªn ph¶i khÐo lÐo t×m ®­îc c¸ch vµo bµi hay ®Ó l«i cuèn , thu hót häc sinh ngay tõ ®Çu tiÕt häc. Gi¸o viªn cÇn dÉn d¾t häc sinh nhËp t©m vµo bµi häc b»ng nhiÒu c¸ch kh¸c nhau.Ch¼ng h¹n “ gîi ý” b»ng nh÷ng c©u hái ®¬n gi¶n liªn quan ®Õn ®Ò tµi,buéc häc sinh ph¶i suy nghÜ,tr¶ lêi theo ý riªng.Trªn c¬ së ®ã dÉn d¾t ®­a c¸c ng÷ liÖu vµo bµi häc . Trao quuyÒn chñ ®éng s¸ng t¹o cho häc sinh: NÕu nh­ tr­íc ®©y, thÇy lµ trung t©m cña tiÕt häc, th× b©y giê häc trß ph¶i lµ ng­êi ho¹t ®éng nhiÒu h¬n ®Ó cã thÓ h×nh thµnh ®­îc nhiÒu kü n¨ng tù tin trong giao tiÕp . Th­êng xuyªn sö dông vèn tõ míi cña m×nh . V× thÕ gi¸o viªn ph¶i ph¶i nghÜ ra nhiÒu ho¹t ®ång trß ch¬i theo nhãm, theo cÆp ®Ó häc sinh tham gia x©y dùng bµi tèt h¬n. Tuú vµo nh÷ng ®ßi hái cña tõng kü n¨ng mµ cã nh÷ng thñ thuËt thÝch hîp cho tõng bµi. Khai th¸c triÖt ®Ó c¸c ho¹t ®éng vµ vËn dông chóng mét c¸ch linh ho¹t chø kh«ng gß bã vµo khu«n khæ. 3- Mét sè nguyªn t¾c ®Ó d¹y tõ míi - Trong mét tiÕt häc gi¸o viªn cÇn lùa chän 5 -8 tõ míi ®Ó d¹y, c¸c tõ nµy ph¶i thuéc lo¹i ho¹t ®éng (active vocabulary) nghÜa lµ c¸c tõ nµy häc sinh sÏ sö dông th­êng xuyªn ë trªn líp nh»m rÌn luyÖn c¸c kü n¨ng c¬ b¶n , ®Æc biÖt lµ trong viÖc rÌn luyÖn kü n¨ng nãi vµ viÕt. - C¸c tõ ng÷ nµy cÇn cã tÇn suÊt cao nghÜa lµ chóng xuÊt hiÖn th­êng xuyªn trong v¨n b¶n. C¸c tõ ng÷ nµy cÇn thiÕt ph¶i ®­îc tiÕp thu trong trong qu¸ tr×nh häc cña häc sinh ë hiÖn t¹i vµ t­¬ng lai. Kh«ng nªn cho häc sinh lÆp l¹i tõ mét c¸ch qu¸ nhiÒu lÇn v× viÖc lÆp l¹i tõ mét c¸ch m¸y mãc nhiÒu lÇn sÏ kh«ng mang l¹i hiÖu qu¶ trong viÖc hiÓu nghÜa cña tõ mµ l¹i cã thÓ lµm cho bµi häc trë thµnh nhµm ch¸n vµ l·ng phÝ søc cña häc sinh còng nh­ ng­êi d¹y. Gi¸o viªn kh«ng nªn phiªn ©m c¸c tõ míi khi d¹y v× tr×nh ®é tiÕng ViÖt cña häc sinh cßn nhiÒu h¹n chÕ, do ®ã nªn tËp trung vµo viÖc häc ch÷ viÕt cña c¶ hai hÖ thèng tiÕng ViÖt vµ tiÕng Anh. NÕu ph¶i häc thªm ký hiÖu phiªn ©m häc sinh sÏ bÞ nhÇm lÉn gi÷a ch÷ viÕt vµ ký hiÖu phiªn ©m cña mét tõ. Steps for presenting new vocabulary 1-Use a suitable technique to elecit or show the meaning of the new vocabulary . 2-Model the pronunciation clearly ( 3 times ) 3-Ask students to repeat the word chorrally and individually. 4- Correct students’ s pronunciation 5-Write the words on the board and students’ s copy down on their notebooks. 6 Check that students clearly understanding the meaning and pronunciation. 7- Draw students’ attentionto aspect of vocabulary such as part of speech , callocation , frequency etc….. 8-Give students a written record. (May be teacher ckecks that students write well in their vocabulary notebooks ) Eleciting techniques for teaching vocabulary True- False statements Visuals Realia Synonym/ Antonym 8 techniques Mine Situation/Explaination Example Translation Visuals Use a picture Draw on black ex: The one pillar pagoda Picture of Ha Long Bay Mine Facial expression Guesture Body action ex : to brush ( one’ teeth ) Teacher takes a toothbrush then brushes her teeth T asks : “ what am I doing ?” Ss: You are brushing your teeth T: now repeat “ brush” ( 3 times ) Realia: Use real things ( teacher brings clock , chair , telephone, an apple, flowers………. Into the class ) VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV Situation / Antonym: Use the questions Ex :What’ s another word for “ holiday”? Holiday= Vacation What’ sthe opposite of “ happy”? Happy # Sad 5-Translation: Teacher: How do you say “§iÓm ®Õn” in English? Ex : A destination 6-True or False statements: Teacher gives some statements and asks students to choose the best answer. Ex :A carpenter T. says: a- Carpenter takes care of a forest b- Carpenter often works with wood. c- Carpenter uses many tools 7- Example: ex1: rice , meat ,and fish are food food ( unc ) ex2: bananas , apples oranges …are fruits ex3:shirts ,trousers,jeans,shorts,dressesare clothes. Ex4: beds, tables chairs are furniture furniture ( unc ) * Ngoµi ra gi¸o viªn ph¶i biÕt kÕt hîp nhiÒu c¸ch d¹y tõ .NhiÒu khi ng­êi d¹y ph¶i biÕt kÕt hîp nhiÒu kü thuËt ®Ó gi¶i thÝch nghÜa cña tõ , nh­ng cÇn ph¶i gi¶i thÝch nhanh kh«ng ®Ó mÊt thêi gian. Ex: ®Ó d¹y tõ “ smile” gi¸o viªn vÏ mét khu«n mÆt vµ nãi T: Look at the picture . he is smiling . Now look at me .I’m smiling , too . “ Smile” is a verb . You smile when you happy . Repeat “ smile smile smile” Ss: smile T: Good. What does it mean in Vietnamese ? Ss : mØm c­êi T : Well done V- Recording vocabulary: Using symbols 1- You can see the following symbols with synonyms, antonyms , traslations and pictures = is the same as ex : good = nice # is the same opposite ex : good # bad 2- You can use the following symbols to show the stress or the link of sounds. ‘ For the stressed syllable For linking final consonants with vowels Ex : an orange. 3- You can see the following words or abbreviationsfor the part of sentence . -To – for verbs ex : to visit - a/an _for countable noun ex: a destination -(unc) _ for uncountable noun ex : rice ( unc ) -(adj ) _ for adjectives ex : excited (adj ) - ( adv) _ for adverbs ex : quickly(adv) 4- you can use the following symbols for translative verbs ; someone for “ someone” or him / her …ect ex : (to) ask 5—You can simple underline prepositions or gerunds. Ex: (to ) stay (with / for / in ) VI- Checking techniques for vocabulary Rub out and Remember Ordering Matching Jumbled words 7 techniques Bingo Slapon the board Slapon the board A- Rub out and remember : 1-Teacher presents or elicits the vocabulary and build up the list on the blackboard. 2- After each word teacher put the Vietnamese translation . 3- Teacher the students to copy in to their books and then close their books . 4- Teacher rub out the new word one at a time. 5-Eacher time teacher rub out a word in English , point to the Vietnamese translation and aks “ What’sthis in Vietnamese?” 6- When all the Engkish words are rubbed out teacher go through the Vietnamese list and get the studends to call out the English words 7- If there is time , teacher get the students to come to the black board and write the English words again *Note: it helps leaners to memories new vocabulary. Ex English 6-Unit 14 –Lesson 1 1…………..:Kú nghØ 5-………….:®iÓm ®Õn 2-………….:thµnh néi , thµnh cæ 6-…………..:th¨m 3-…………..:vÞnh 7-…………...:b·i biÓn 4-…………..:ë ( cïng víi) B- Slap the board: 1-Teacherputs the new words in English on the balck board in bubbles –not in a list. 2- If you want to check the understanding , put the Vieetnamese translationof the new words or picture on the blakboard . 3-teacher divides the class in to two teamsof five or six to front of the class. 4-Teacher choose a student from each team and they stand at equal distance from the blackboard. 5-Teacher calls out one of the new word in a low voice in Vietnamese. 6- Two students must runs forward and slap a word the word in English on the board. 7- The one who slaps the correct word first is the winner.If students are playing in teams ,the win team gets a mark. 8- Then teacher ask two more studentsto come forward …..etc. * Note: There are two points to remember inS the B.If you use only English , leaners are only recognizing the word in through listening.However if you use Vietnamese translation or picture you can checkthe meaning of the new vocabulary. Ex: English 9-Unit 5 –Period 28 Checking vocabulary: slap the board crier channel interactive control benifit remote C- What and where: 1- Teacher writes the new words in the cicles on the black board not in a list. 2- When all the words are on the board , teacher ask the students to repeat the words in cicles. 3- Teacher rubbed out one of the words but doesn’t rub out th cicles. 4-Teacher gets the students to repeatthe words including the rubbed out words by poiting at the empty cicles. 5- Teacher rubs out another word but leaves the cicles. 6- Teacher pointthe woed or empty cicles, students read and have to remember all the words. 7-Continues till the cycles are empty. 8-Techer aks the students ( 6 or 8 at the time 0 to come to bb and fill in the cicles with the correct words cushion Sewing machine try made decide hobby useful Ex: English 7 –Unit 9- Period 60 * Note: This check technique is good for leaners to memorise the newwords and also good for revisionof vocabulary. D- Matching: 1- T writes the newwords in the list on the left hand side of the bb. 2- T .writes the definitions, translation or draws pictures on the right hand side of the bb. 3- T. asks the Ss to come to the bbto match the items on the left with those on the right by drawing a line between them. Ex1:English 7 –Unit 11-Lesson 5-Period 72 1-common cold a-triÖu trøng 2-disease b-ch¶y n­íc mòi 3-symptom c-bÖnh c¶m th­êng 4-runny nose d-ho 5-slight fever e-bÖnh tËt 6-cough f- h¾t x× h¬i 7sneeze g-sèt nhÑ *Keys: 1-c;2-e;3-a;4-b;5-g;6-d;7-f Ex2: A bicyle A star An aeroplane A pair of scissors A cat A bird E-Jumbled words: cyrecle cereseru ropttce prenstreteivea ralnatu tnotancc 1-T. sticks 6 flashcardswith jumbled words on the bb 2-T-asks Ss to rewrite the words in the right order 3-T tells Ssthe first two groups with the right word will get two points 4-T. corrects them. 5- T. asks Ss to read again Ex: Unit 10 –English 8-Period 61 *- Answer keys: 1- contact 3-resource 5- protect 2-representation 4- natural 6-recycle *-Note:This cheking technique helps Ss remembering deeply the words they’ve leant. F- Bingo: 1-T.draw box on bb and asks Ss to copy 2-T. Asks Ss to rewrite6 newwords they’ve learntin the box. Ex: A packet A destination A bay Medicine flu A doctor 3- T. tells Ss that she/ he will say some words (8-10-12-15) 4- If Ss hear the word, they cross it out .Like this: A bay 5-_When Ss croos out all six words, shout “ bingo”. Who say “bingo”first will be the winner. * Note: This activities can be used to check and revise the newwords you have introduced during the week G- Ordering: 1-T. writes the vocabulary on the board randomly. 2-T. have Ss to copy the words in to their exercise books. 3- T. read the phragraph aloud. Ex: English 8 –Unit 12 –period 77 “Mrs Quyen & her husband visited many places in hthe USA while they were .First, they went swimming at Waikiki Beach situated on the Hawaiian Island of Oahu. There they could see the lava pouring out of the Kilawea Volcano when they flew over head .They also saw the the head of 4 American President carved in to the rock of the Mount Rushmore. 4-T. asks Ss to compare their answer withtheir partner. 6-T. asks Ss to give the anwers and read the text again to correct . *Answer keys: Volcano (6) went swimming(1) Overhead (7) pouring out (5) Isaland (3) carved (8) Lava (4) situated (2) VII-Bµi tËp luyÖn c¸ch dïng tõ Sau khi ®· hiÓu nghi· cña tõ , gi¸o viªn cã thÓ cho häc sinh lµm mét sè bµi tËp ®Ó gióp hä hiÓu thªm c¸ch dïng tõ qua c¸c ho¹t ®éng trong líp. Bµi tËp sö dông th­êng ®­îc kÕt hîp víi nh÷ng viÖc rÌn luyÖn c¸c kü n¨ng nh­ nghe , nãi……Sau ®©y lµ mét sè bµi tËp gîi ý: 1- Ph¶n røng toµn th©n (TPR:Total Physiccal Response).Gi¸o viªn ®­a ra mét sè mÖnh lÖnh vµ yªu cÇu HS thùc hiÖn b»ng hµnh ®éng. Ex:T says “ stand up” Ss:Thùc hiÖn hµnh ®éng ®øng lªn T:”sit down” Ss:Thùc hiÖn hµnh ®éng ngåi xuèng T:” “clap your hands Ss: Thùc hiÖn hµnh ®éng vç tay 2-XÕp thø tù theo nhãm chñ ®iÓmLGroup the words according to their topics) tea cofee rice apple chicken pork fish beer wine tomato meat lettuce nuts butter cabage beef milk lemonade wheat beans FOOD DRINKS FRUIT VEGETABLES ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………................................................................................... 3- Cicle the word which doesn’t belong to the group: ex:scientist chemist physican mathematics history literature English school walk read watch TV 4-Fill in the empty cicle: rice bread milk fish water eggs chicken beef lettuce pork tea tomato a-Work in pair to talk about your favorite food and drinks Ilike……………….. I don’t like…………………… Drinks food b- Intervew your partner about his /her favorite food and drinks then write the report . What do you like to eat ? What do youlike to drink? He/She likes……………. He/She doesn’t like…….. c- Complete the sentnce to write about your daily meals: i usually have…….. meals a day.I have………..at …………….o ‘clock .I like ………for breakfast but I don’t like…………because it’s …………..For lunch ,I usually have……..and…...Ilike to drink ………….because it’s ……….I often have………….for dinner. 5-Macth the verbs in column A with the appropriate words / phrases in column B: A B March a drunk Stroll an elderly couple Stagger a sodier 6- -Khung m« t¶ ( Pictorial schemata): c¸c tõ cÇn ®­îc kiÓm tra n»m trªn mét trôc vµ c¸c tõ m« t¶ ®Æc ®iÓm cña tõ ®­îc kiÓm tra n»m trªn mét trôc kh¸c.HS sÏ ®¸nh dÊu (x) vµo « m« t¶ ®óng ®Æc ®iÓm cña tõ ex: Complete the chart by puttimg across (x) next to the charactics of each music 7 Trß ch¬i vµ c¸c ho¹t ®éng d¹y tõ (Game and activities ): a- Matching pairs -Mini dailogues: Trong bµi tËp nµy häc sinh lµm hai c©u cña bµi héi tho¹i b»ng c¸ch ghÐp c©u hái víi c©u tr¶ lêi hoÆc mét c©u trong nhãm thÎ A víi c©u thÝch hîp ë nhãm thÎ B +C¸ch thùc hiÖn : -C¾t c¸c thÎ nhãm A vµ thÎ nhãm B.X¸o trén bé thÎ A&B sau ®Êy chia cho tõng nhãm ng­êi häc theo sÜ sè cña líp.Cã thÓ tæ chøc thµnh nhãm ®éi hay nhãm 4,5,6,7,8. -Mçi nhãm ®­îc ph¸t mét bé thÎ A vµ mét bé thÎ B ®Ó ghÐp thµnh hai c©u trÝch ®o¹n héi tho¹i -Gi¸o viªn ®Þnh thêi gian vµ canh ®óng giê th× cho ngõng Bt l¹i dï HS cã lµm xong hay ch­a. -Gi¸o viªn ®i ®Ðn tõng nhãm ®Ó kiÓm tra.Mçi nhãm ®äc lÇn l­ît hai c©u lªn cña nhãm ®óng hay kh«ng ®óng .NÕu ®óng hai c©u nµy sÏ ®­îc ra khái bé thÎ, nhãm ®­îc mét diÓm.NÕu hai c©u cña nhãm kh«ng ®óng th× nhãm sÏ kh«ng cã ®iÓm.Kh«ng cho c©u gi¶i ddap giao viªn tiÕp tôc kiÓm tra c¸c thÎ cßn l¹i . -Bµi tËp nµy l¹i ®­îc tieep tôc cho ®Õn khi nµo tÊt c¶ c¸c cÆp ®­îc ghÐp ®óng . Ex Nhãm thÎ A 1-How old are you? 2-Do you mind if I smoke? 3- I hope England wind the World Cup. 4-Help yourself to a drink 5- Would you help me with this , please? 6- I can’t come tonight. I’m afraid. 7Today’s the 4th , isn’t it? 8- Could you give me lift home, tonight? 9-Is it far to the station? 10- I’m sorry ,I’m late Nhãm thÎ B a- No, of course not b-No, not very c- Very well thank you d- What’s a pity e- Yes ,that’s right f-You are wellcome g-Thanks , the same to you h-Yes, I’d be glad to i-Yes, certainly j-It’s a pleasure.I’m glad you like it b- ¤ ch÷ (Crossword) hÇu hÕt c¸c HS th­êng thÝch ch¬i « ch÷ ex:Hafl a crossword: Jobs and accupations Trong lo¹i « ch÷ nµy nh÷ng tõ cÇn ®iÒn vµo lµ nh÷ng tõ chØ nghÒ nghiÖp, viÖc lµm. C¸ch thùc hiÖn : -Chia líp ra lµm nhiÒu nhãm A vµ nhãm B.Sè HS trong mçi nhãm ph¶i cã tõ 2 ®Õn 4 ng­êi. . Häc sinh ngåi ®èi diÖn víi nhau.Gi¸o viªn ph¸t cho nhãm A mét khung kÎ ootrong ®ã chØ cã phÇn nöa sè tuwfdduwowcj ®iÒn vµo «.Giaos viªn ®Ønh giê cho häc sinh ®äc qua phÇn « ch÷ cña m×nh .NÕu cÇn gi¸o viªn cã thÓ gi¶i thÝch thªm mäi th¾c m¾c do HS nªu ra trong lóc nµy . -Nhãm B& nhãm Athay phiªn nhau hái ®Ó ®iÒn vµo « ch÷ cña m×nh.Mçi lÇn 1 c©u VD nh­ “What’s three down?”, “what’s ten cross?........Mçi nhãm cè g¾ng cho ®Þnh nghÜa gi¶i thÝch mét c¸ch ®¬n gi¶n c¸c tõ ®Ó gióp nhãm ®èi t¸c ®o¸n ra tõ cÇn ®iÒn vµo . -Gi¸o viªn ®Þng giê vµ cho dõng bµi tËp khi hÕt giê, dï HS cã lµm bµi tËp xong hay kh«ng. -Hai nhãm sÏ ®èi chiÕu « ch÷ ,®Ó xemnhuwngx tõ nµo ch­a ®­îc ®iÒn vµo « ex: ®©y lµ nh÷ng tõ HS nhãm A sÏ ph¶i gi¶i thÝch cho nhãm B badminton camping football golf table tennis boxing dressmaking gardening swimming yoga Leson plan – English 9 -Unit 2 -Clothing Period 10: READ (page 17) I-Aim:Help the Ss to read the text for details. II- Objective:By the end of the lesson,Ss will be able to understand the text for details about Jeans III-Teaching aid:Text books, pictures,extra board. IV-Anticipated problem:It difficult for Ss because threr are many newwords. V-Produres: 1-Warmer: Jumbled word thocling =clothing sleas = sales tyles =styles 2-Pre-teach vocabulary: 1-material(unc) : chÊt liÖu, nguyªn liÖu 2-cotton(unc) : b«ng, sîi b«ng 3-(to) wear out : lµm r¸ch, mßn ®i 4-a style : kiÓu d¸ng 5-(to)embroider : thªu(v¨n hoa, h×nh) * Checking vocabulary: What and where cotton material style To wear out Embroider * Set the sence : -T uses pictures on P 17 to set the sence by asking: -What kind of trousers are these students wearing? -Are they tight or loose pants? +T. says: “ We are going to read the text about “Jeans”. -T. asks Ss to work im pairs close your books and predict three questions: 1-What was jeans clothes made from? 2- Who gave the name “jeans” to this material? 3—When did jeans appear for the first time? And where? 3- While reading: -T. asks ss to read the text about history of jeans and find the answer to the pre- questions * fill drill Gap: -Asks Ss to read the text again and complete the sentences (Read 5a.p 17) +Answer key: 1-jeans clothes - 18th century 2-students - 1960s 3- cheaper - 1970s 4-fashion - 1980s 5-sale - 1990s * comprehension questions(Read 5b.P18) -Asks ss to work in pair to answer the questions(1->5) 1-Where does the word “jeans” come from? 2- what were the 1960’s fashion? 3- Why did more and more people wearing jeans in the 1970s? 4- -When did jeans at last become high fashion clothing? 5-Why did the sale of jeans stop growing? 4- Post reading: * Discussing in group: -group 1-2: What type of jeans do you love wearing? -Group 3-4:Do you like wearing jeans? Why not? 5-Homework: -Write down what they have talked -Prepare: “write”(P18-19) Saejn =jeans Contot =cotton Osalirs = sailors Shafion= fashion ( traslation) (realia) (real or explaination) (picture) (realia) -Write each word in the call out on the board.Practice saying the words, rub out the words one- by one. - get Ss to repeat the word including the rubbed out ones .Ss try to remember all the words ->Jeans -. They are tight -> From cotton -> the sailor from genoa in Italy gave the name “jeans” to this material ->Jeans appeared for the first time in the 18th century in Europe. ( Open your books) - Read and answer the pre- quesyions -Read the text and complete the sentences (pair work) 1-The word “jeans” come from the kind of material that wasmade in Europe. 2- The 1960’s fashionwere jeans 3-In the 1970s more and more people began wearing jeans because they became cheaper 4-Jeans at last became high fashion clothing in the 1980s when famous designer stated making their own style of jeans with their own lables of jeans. 5- The sale of jeans growing up because the world wide economic situation got wore. (Group work) C-KÕt qu¶ thùc hiÖn cã so s¸nh ®èi chøng Qua thùc tÕ gi¶ng d¹y c¸c n¨n qua víi ph­¬ng ph¸p d¹y häc míi , trong c¸c tiÕt d¹y , t«i nhËn thÊy víi c¸c kü n¨ng d¹y tõ míi nh­ trªn nhiÒu HS cã thÓ n¾m ®­îc tõ ngay t¹i líp.c¸c em rÊt hµo høng vµ s«i næi häc . C¸c em ®¶ cã thÓ ®o¸n ®­îc nhiÒu tõ míi qua ng÷ c¶nh, t×nh huèng vµ chñ ®Ò. NhiÒu em HS tr­íc ®©y rÊt nhót nh¸t, kh«ng d¸m nãi tr­íc líp th× giê ®©y ®· tù tin khi giao tiÕp.T«i ®· t¹o cho c¸c em nhiÒu t×nh huèng cô thÓ ®Ó c¸c em cã thÓ kh¾c s©u ®­îc nhiÒu tõ, ®Æc biÖt lµ nh÷ng tõ khã gîi ý ®Ó c¸c em ®oawawcsk Víi c¸c kü n¨ng luyÖn tõ mëi treenmowis ë trªn líp kÕt hîp víi viÖc viÕt chÝnh t¶ tõ míi th­êng xuyªn ë nhµ nªn ®· cã nhiÒu HS nãi vµ viÕt rÊt chuÈn c¸c tõ tiªng Anh.Do ®ã kÕt qu¶ häc tËp ®­îc n©ng lªn râ rÖt. KÕt qu¶ häc tËp cña häc sinh n¨m häc 2007-2008®¹t ®­îc nh­ sau: Khèi SÜ sè Giái Kh¸ TB YÕu KÐm Kú I 6 7 8 9 116 110 113 137 15,5% 16,8% 18% 21,5% 35,5% 40% 38% 38,5% 36% 30% 35% 36% 10% 10% 9% 4% 3% 3,2% Kú II 6 7 8 9 116 110 113 137 18,5% 20% 20,5% 23% 36,5% 41,5% 40,5% 40% 38% 32% 36% 35% 7% 6,5% 3% 2% Häc sinh giái cÊp huyÖn ®¹t 3 em D- Bµi häc kinh nghiÖm -Trong c¸c tiÕt häc vËn dông c¸c kü n¨ng d¹y tõ míi t«i nh¹n th¸y r»ng ®Ó giê d¹y ®¹t hiÖu qu¶ cao th× ng­êi gi¸o viªn cÇn ph¶i: 1-Lu«n lu«n gÇn g÷i cëi më víi häc sinh ®Ó t¹o t×nh c¶m thÇy trß th«ng qua ho¹t ®éng d¹y vµ häc.Tõ ®ã l«i cuèn häc trß yªu thÝch m«n tiÕng Anh h¬n. 2-ChuÈn bÞ bµi gi¶ng chu ®¸o vµ kü cµng phï hîp víi tõng ®èi t­îng häc sinh. 3-§­a ra c¸c t×nh huèng dÔ hiÓu ®Ó gîi më cho c¸c em ®o¸n tõ chÝng x¸c. 4-Kh«ng nªn gß bã ng÷ liÖu vµ tõ vùng trong ph¹m vi s¸ch gi¸o khoa .tuú theo kh¶ n¨ng cña häc sinh mµ mµ gi¸o viªn më réng néi dung cña ng÷ liÖu vµ tõ vùng tíi chõng mùc cã thÓ. 5Gi¸o viªn chuÈn bÞ chu ®¸o ®å dïng d¹y häc, s­u tÇm nhiÒu tranh ¶nh tõ b¸o ,t¹p chÝ hoÆc còng cã thÓ vÏ tranh ®¬n gi¶n ………….®Ó g©y Ên t­îng s©u s¾c cho häc sinh , gióp c¸c em nhí tõ ngay tai líp. 6-Th­¬ng xuyªn yªu cÇu c¸c em viÕt chÝnh t¶ tõ míi võa häc it nhÊt lµ ba dßng mçi tõ. 7-H­íng dÉn cho c¸c em tù ch¬i mét sè trß ch¬i( do líp tr­ëng ®iÒu khiÓn) trong c¸c giê truy bµi nh»m gióp c¸c em «n luyÖn tõ míi ®· häc. 8- KhuyÕn khÝch c¸c em tù mua vµ s­u tÇm nhiÒu truyÖn tiÕng Anh ®¬n gi¶n ®Ó ®äc nh»m ph¸t triÓn vèn tõ vùng cña m×nh. 9-CÇn tæ chøc líp häc mét c¸ch khoa häc .Trong giê luyÖn tËp gi¸o viªn cÇn s¸ng suèt lùa chän lo¹i h×nh luyÖn tËp nh­ pair work or group work phï hîp víi phßng häc vµ sÜ sè cña häc sinh trong líp. 10-§Æc biÖt gi¸o viªn cÇn nghiªm tóc thùc hiÖn viÖc sinh ho¹t chuyªn m«n ,c¸c chuyªn ®Ò tiÕng Anh cña tr­êng hay cña côm .thèng nhÊt néi dung träng t©m gi¶ng d¹y vµ kiÓm tra sao cho s¸t víi ch­¬ng tr×nh vµ ®èi t­înh hoc sinh .Th­êng xuyªn trao ®æi c¸c vÊn ®Ò ®· giµnh ®­îc thµnh cong trong gi¶ng d¹y, nh÷ng khóc m¾c trong mçi giê d¹y ®Ó cïng nhau thèng nhÊt ý kiÕn trong nhãm,trong tæ cña m×nh. H¬n thÕ n÷a ,ng­êi gi¸o viªn cÇn ph¶i lu«n lu«n trau dåi c¸c kü n¨ng day häc cña m×nh b»ng ph­¬ng ph¸p tù s­u tÇm s¸ch vµ häc hái cña c¸c b¹n ®ång nghiÖp ®Ó n©ng cao tr×nh ®é chuyªn m«n cña m×nh ®em l¹i nh÷ng giê häc bæ Ých cho c¸c em häc sinh nh»m gióp c¸c em ®¹t kÕt qu¶ häc tËp cao h¬n n÷a. E-nh÷ng kiÕn nghÞ vµ ®Ò nghÞ trong suèt qu¸ tr×nh thùc hiÖn ®Ò tµi 1-ThuËn lîi : Qua nh÷ng n¨m gi¶ng d¹y ch­¬ng tr×nh SGK míi t«i thÊy: -C¸c bµi trong SGK tõ líp 6->9 ®­îc so¹n theo tõng chñ ®Ò lín râ rµng, gÇn gòi víi cuéc sèng h»ng ngµy .HÖ thèng néi dung ®­îc ph¸t triÓn theo c¸ch xo¾n èc gióp häc sinh më réng kiÕn thøc vÒ thÕ giíi xung quanh, ®· cung cÊp cho c¸c em sù hiÓu biÕt , kinh nghiÖm trong mét vµi lÜnh vùc, cña cuéc sèng v¨n ho¸ , x· héi ,khoa häc vµ kinh tÕ ,nh»m gióp c¸c em lµm chñ ng«n ng÷. -Tranh vÏ rÊt ®Ñp, ®a d¹ng vµ phong phó gióp c¸c em n¾m b¾t bµi häc mét c¸ch dÔ dµng vµ t¹o ®­îc høng thó khi häc -S¸ch ®· cã nhiÒu bµi häc nh»m ph¸t triÓn c¸c kü n¨ng, trong ®ã kü n¨ng nghe ,nãi ®­îc chó ý h¬n . §Æc biÖt bé SGK rÊt phï hîp víi kh¶ n¨ng nhËn thøc cña c¸c em häc sinh .§ã lµ b­íc ngoÆt thµnh c«ng nhÊt trªn con ®­êng c¶i c¸ch gi¸o dôc nãi chung vµ ®æi míi ph­¬ng ph¸p d¹y häc nãi riªng. 2- Khã kh¨n: Tuy nhiªn gi¶ng d¹y SGK míi gi¸o viªn cßn gÆp ph¶i mét sè khã kh¨n nh­: -ch­a cã bé tranh lín dïng kÌm cho tõng bµi häc ë khèi líp 6 & 7 nªn gi¸o viªn vµ häc sinh rÊt mÊt nhiÒu thêi gian ®Ó s­u tÇm tranh vµ vÏ. -th­ viÖn nhµ tr­êng ch­a cã s¸ch n©ng cao ®Ó phôc vô cho viÖc häc vµ tham kh¶o cña häc sinh. -nhµ tr­êng ch­a cã phßng häc giµnh riªng cho c¸c tiÕt häc ngo¹i ng÷ nªn khi tæ chøc trß ch¬i hay ho¹t ®éng nhãm nhiÒu khi vÉn gÆp nhiÒu h¹n chÕ. -HÇu hÕt c¸c em häc sinh ë n«ng th«n nªn ®iÒu kiÖn häc hµnh cho m«n ngo¹i ng÷ hÇu nh­ rÊt Ýt kh«ng ®­îc ®Çu t­ nhiÒu. -§a sè c¸c gi¸o viªn ngo¹i ng÷ ch­a sö dông , thùc hµnh d¹y gi¸o ¸n ®iÖn tö thµnh th¹o . Trªn ®©y lµ mét sè kiÕn nghÞ ,®Ò nghÞ cña b¶n th©n t«i sau qu¸ tr×nh thùc hiÖn ®Ò tµi mong c¸c cÊp l·ng ®¹o ®Æc biÖt l­u t©m vµ ®Çu t­ nhiÒu h¬n n÷a trang thiÕt bÞ d¹y häc ®Ó ®em l¹i hiÖu qu¶ cao trong c¸c tr­êng THCS. F- KÕt luËn: Trªn ®©y lµ ph­¬ng ph¸p d¹y häc cïng víi thùc tÕ gi¶ng d¹y cña b¶n th©n t«i , t«i thÊy r»ng trong qu¸ tr×nh d¹y häc , gi¸o viªn cè g¾ng ¸p dông c¸c ph­¬ng ph¸p d¹y mét c¸ch linh ho¹t sao cho phï hîp víi néi dung cña bµi vµ phï hîp víi ®èi t­îng häc sinh ®ång thêi kÕt hîp víi c¸c thñ thuËt s­ ph¹m nh»m kÝch thÝch høng thó häc tËp cña c¸c em vµ gióp cho c¸c em häc tËp ®¹t kÕt qu¶ .Gi¸o viªn cè g¾ng b¸m s¸t c¸c b­íc c¬ b¶n trong tiÕn tr×ng bµi d¹y vµ phan phèi thêi gian hîp lý . Trªn ®©y lµ mét sè kinh nghiÖm cña t«i vÒ “C¸c kü n¨ng d¹y tõ míi m«n tiÕng anh ë tr­êng THCS” mµ t«i ®· ®óc kÕt ®­îc trong qu¸ tr×nh häc hái ,tham kh¶o, nghiªn cøu vµ thùc nghiÖm gi¶ng d¹y víi chÝnh ho¹c sinh cña t«i .§ã chÝnh lµ c¸c kinh nghiÑm chñ quan cña b¶n th©n t«i chø ch­a ph¶i lµ ph­¬ng ph¸p tèi ­u .ViÖc ph­¬ng ph¸p ®a ra cã kÕt qu¶ nh­ ý muèn hay kh«ng cßn phô thuéc vµo nhiÒu yÕu tè .Trong qu¸ tr×nh lµm s¸ng kiÕn kinh nghiÖm kh«ng tr¸nh khái nh÷ng thiÕu sãt, kÝnh mong ®ång nghiÖp cho ý kiÕn ®ãng gãp dÓ t«i thµnh c«ng h¬n n÷a trong qu¸ tr×nh d¹y häc. T«i xin ch©n thµnh c¶m ¬n. §Ó h­ëng øng phong trµo ®æi míi ph­¬ng ph¸p d¹y häc ë tr­êng phæ th«ng , víi t­ c¸ch lµ mét gi¸o viªn d¹ bé m«n ngo¹i ng÷ t«i raat mong muèn ®ãng gãp mét phÇn nhá bÐ cña m×nh cïng víi c¸c thµy c« gi¸o vµ c¸c b¹n ®ång nghiÖp x©y d­ng ph­¬ng ph¸p d¹y häc míi ngµy cµng chuÈn mùc , cã hiÖu qu¶ h¬n gióp cho c¸c em häc sinh ngµy cµng thÝch häc ngo¹i ng÷, cã thÓ häc tËp chñ ®éng , giao tiÕp tù tin b»ng chÝnh kh¶ n¨ng sö dông tiªng Anh cña m×nh. §Ó s¸ng kiÕn cña t«i thùc sù ph¸t huy hÖu qu¶ trong thùc tÕ,t«i rÊt mong cã ®­îc sù ®ãng gãp , rót kinh nghiÑm , t¹o ®iÒu kiÖn gióp ®ì cho ®ång nghiÑp ®Ó bæ xung cho t«i nh÷nh g× t«i ch­a lµm ®­îc trong qu¸ tr×nh thùc hiÖn ®Ò tµi .RÊt mong ®­îc sù gãp ý ch©n thµnh cña thÇy c« vµ c¸c b¹n ®ång nghiÖp. Mét lÇn n÷a t«i xin ch©n thµnh c¶m ¬n! S¬n §ång ngµy 12 th¸ng 5 n¨m 2008 Ng­êi viÕt TuÊn ThÞ kim Th­ ý kiÕn nhËn xÐt- ®¸nh gi¸ vµ xÕp lo¹i cña héi ®ång khoa häc c¬ së ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Chñ tÞch héi ®ång (Ký tªn vµ ®ãng dÊu)