Chuyên đề Phương pháp bù tán sắc bằng DCF
CHƯƠNG 1: GIỚI THIỆU CHUYÊN ĐÈ Viễn thông Việt Nam đang có những bước phát triến mạnh mẽ và vượt bậc, trở thành một trong những ngành kinh tế kỹ thuật mũi nhọn, đóng góp mạnh mẽ vào sự phát triến kinh tế xã hội nói chung của đất nước. Ngành Viễn thông cũng là ngành đi tiên phong và đã đạt được những thành công lớn trong việc “mang chuông đi đánh xứ người” bằng việc Tập đoàn viễn thông Quân đội Viettel mở rộng đầu tư kinh doanh ở các thị trường ngoài nước như Lào, Campuchia, Mozambique, Haiti, Peru và sắp tới là Ucraina, Argentina, Cuba Vai trò của ngành Viễn Thông rất quan trọng trong cả việc phát triến kinh tế và đảm bảo an ninh Quốc phòng. Cuộc sống càng ngày càng được nâng cao, nhu cầu trao đổi thông tin công việc và giải trí của con người ngày càng cao, không chỉ đơn giản là việc truyền thoại truyền thống, nhu cầu truyền dữ liệu càng ngày càng đòi hỏi ve băng thông và dung lượng đường truyền. Trong Viễn thông, hệ thống truyền dẫn có hai dạng là vô tuyến và hữu tuyến. Do hệ thống vô tuyến có những hạn chế đặc thù nên truyền dẫn hữu tuyến vẫn là hình thức truyền dẫn hiệu quả và quan trọng nhất. Trong truyền dẫn hữu tuyến sử dụng cáp đồng và cáp quang. Cáp đồng không the đảm trách được băng thông và dung lượng đường truyền rất lớn từ nhu cầu của con người. Truyền thông sợi quang ra đời đánh dấu một bước phát triến mạnh mẽ của công nghệ truyền dẫn, với những ưu điểm nổi trội như băng thông lớn, tốc độ cao, suy hao thấp .truyền dẫn quang đã trở thành công nghệ truyền dẫn chính trong các ứng dụng tốc độ cao và mạng truyền dẫn đường trục. Truyền dẫn thông tin quang bằng cáp sợi quang từ khi ra dời đến nay đã trải qua nhiều thời kỳ phát triến. Ban đầu là sợi quang đa mode có suy hao cao, với cự ly truyền dẫn vài km đen sợi quang đơn mode có suy hao thấp với cự ly truyền dẫn tăng lên hàng chục, thậm chí hàng trăm km. Cáp quang là giải pháp ưu tiên cho hệ thống viễn thông đường dài và quốc te có tốc độ truyền dẫn cao và rất cao, sử dụng trên đất liền và vượt đại dương. Tuy nhiên, hệ thống thông tin quang dung lượng lớn sẽ gặp phải 3 vấn đề lớn cần quan tâm như : Suy hao, tán sắc và hiệu ứng phi tuyến, làm giảm chất lượng và cự ly truyền dẫn của hệ thống, vấn đe suy hao có the được giải quyết đơn giản bằng việc sử dụng các bộ khuếch đại quang EDFA trong mạng WDM. Ngày nay, hầu hết các hệ thống truyền dẫn quang được thiết ke hoạt động trong băng c, vùng bước sóng 1530nm - 1565nm, bởi ưu điếm suy hao rất thấp trong vùng này. Các hiệu ứng phi tuyến có the bỏ qua đối với các hệ thống thông tin quang hoạt động ở mức công suất vừa phải khoảng vài mW với tốc độ bit lên đến 2,5 Gbps. Tuy nhiên ở các tốc độ bit cao hơn như 10 Gbps thì chúng ta phải xem xét các ảnh hưởng của hiệu ứng phi tuyến. Các ảnh hưởng của các hiệu ứng phi tuyến có the giảm đi khi sử dụng sợi quang có diện tích lõi hiệu dụng lớn. Vì vậy vấn đề tán sắc là vấn đề lớn nhất của các hệ thống thông tin quang. Khi chúng ta sử dụng các bộ khuếch đại quang EDFA đe bù suy hao thì nó lại gia tăng sự tán sắc, một bộ khuếch đại quang không khôi phục tín hiệu được khuếch đại thành tín hiệu gốc ban đầu. Do đó tán sắc được tích lũy qua các bộ khuếch đại làm giảm khả năng truyền tín hiệu.
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Các file đính kèm theo tài liệu này:
Phương pháp bù tán sắc bằng DCF.pdf
