Chúng tôi chọn pH = 3,5 cho các nghiên cứu tiếp theo về khả năng hấp phụ
Cr(VI) của các màng vì giá trị pH này dung lượng hấp phụ vẫn còn trong vùng hấp
phụ tối ưu và phù hợp với pH nước thải thực tiễn. Theo Hình 3.42b, ta thấy dung
lượng hấp phụ cực đại tại pH = 5,4. Các trạng thái chính của chì trong dung dịch
nước bao gồm Pb(II), Pb(OH)+, Pb(OH)2, Pb(OH)3− và Pb(OH)42− [78]. Khi pH < 6,
Pb(II) là dạng cơ bản, sự kết tủa của ion Pb(II) trong dung dịch phụ thuộc vào nồng
độ chì trong môi trường, sự kết tủa này xảy ra ở các giá trị pH cao hơn 7. Khi các
giá trị pH tăng lên dẫn đến tăng cường các nhóm hydroxyl trên bề mặt của màng
cũng như tăng các tâm hoạt động của chất hấp phụ cho sự tương tác với ion Pb(II).
Hơn nữa, điện tích bề mặt chất hấp phụ âm hơn ở các giá trị pH cao hơn. Tại các giá
trị pH cao hơn 5,4 sự hình thành các phức hydroxo của ion chì ở các dạng Pb(OH)2
và ion PbOH+ và chúng cạnh tranh với các ion chì trong sự tạo phức với các nhóm
chức của màng làm giảm dung lượng hấp phụ của các màng. Vì vậy pH = 5,4 được
chọn để khảo sát các nghiên cứu tiếp theo.
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PHỤ LỤC
Phụ lục 1. Quy chuẩn kỹ thuật quốc gia về chất lượng nước ăn uống
STT Tên thông số Đơn vị tính
Ngưỡng giới hạn
cho phép
Các thông số nhóm A
Thông số vi sinh vật
11 Coliform
MPN hoặc
CFU/100 mL
< 3
22 E.Coli hoặc Conform chịu nhiệt
MPN hoặc
CFU/100 mL
<1
Thông số cảm quan và vô cơ
53 Độ đục FTU 2
84 pH - Trong khoảng 6,0-8,5
Các thông số nhóm B
Thông số vô cơ
15 Cadmi (Cd) mg/L
0,003
16 Chì (Plumbum) (Pb) mg/L
0,01
17 Chromi (Cr) mg/L
0,05
Phụ lục 2. Quy chuẩn kỹ thuật quốc gia về chất lượng nước mặt sử dụng cho
mục đích cấp nước sinh hoạt
STT Tên thông số Đơn vị tính Ngưỡng giới hạn cho phép
1 pH 6-8,5
2 BOD5 (20 oC) mg/L 4
3 COD mg/L 10
4 Coliform MPN hoặc CFU/100 mL 2500
5 E.coli MPN hoặc CFU/100 mL 20
Phụ lục 3. Kết quả các lần kiểm nghiệm tại các trung tâm kiểm nghiệm
Kết quả kiểm nghiệm lần 1
Kết quả kiểm nghiệm lần 2
Kết quả kiểm nghiệm lần 3