Luận án Nghiên cứu chế tạo một số vật liệu có nguồn gốc tự nhiên định hướng ứng dụng xử lý nước lũ thành nước sinh hoạt

Chúng tôi chọn pH = 3,5 cho các nghiên cứu tiếp theo về khả năng hấp phụ Cr(VI) của các màng vì giá trị pH này dung lượng hấp phụ vẫn còn trong vùng hấp phụ tối ưu và phù hợp với pH nước thải thực tiễn. Theo Hình 3.42b, ta thấy dung lượng hấp phụ cực đại tại pH = 5,4. Các trạng thái chính của chì trong dung dịch nước bao gồm Pb(II), Pb(OH)+, Pb(OH)2, Pb(OH)3− và Pb(OH)42− [78]. Khi pH < 6, Pb(II) là dạng cơ bản, sự kết tủa của ion Pb(II) trong dung dịch phụ thuộc vào nồng độ chì trong môi trường, sự kết tủa này xảy ra ở các giá trị pH cao hơn 7. Khi các giá trị pH tăng lên dẫn đến tăng cường các nhóm hydroxyl trên bề mặt của màng cũng như tăng các tâm hoạt động của chất hấp phụ cho sự tương tác với ion Pb(II). Hơn nữa, điện tích bề mặt chất hấp phụ âm hơn ở các giá trị pH cao hơn. Tại các giá trị pH cao hơn 5,4 sự hình thành các phức hydroxo của ion chì ở các dạng Pb(OH)2 và ion PbOH+ và chúng cạnh tranh với các ion chì trong sự tạo phức với các nhóm chức của màng làm giảm dung lượng hấp phụ của các màng. Vì vậy pH = 5,4 được chọn để khảo sát các nghiên cứu tiếp theo.

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Quy chuẩn kỹ thuật quốc gia về chất lượng nước mặt sử dụng cho mục đích cấp nước sinh hoạt STT Tên thông số Đơn vị tính Ngưỡng giới hạn cho phép 1 pH 6-8,5 2 BOD5 (20 oC) mg/L 4 3 COD mg/L 10 4 Coliform MPN hoặc CFU/100 mL 2500 5 E.coli MPN hoặc CFU/100 mL 20 Phụ lục 3. Kết quả các lần kiểm nghiệm tại các trung tâm kiểm nghiệm Kết quả kiểm nghiệm lần 1 Kết quả kiểm nghiệm lần 2 Kết quả kiểm nghiệm lần 3

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