Trong quá trình phát triển phôi: Độ mặn nƣớc từ 32,0 - 35,0 ppt (± 0,5) và nhiệt
độ nƣớc (28,0 ± 0,5)ºC là điều kiện thích hợp nhất để phôi cá Song vua phát triển, trứng
cá Song vua nở ra ấu trùng đạt tỷ lệ cao nhất và tỷ lệ ấu trùng dị hình thấp nhất.
Ấu trùng cá Song vua đƣợc chia làm 5 giai đoạn, khi mới nở ấu trùng có kích
thƣớc 1,72 ± 0,04 mm, đƣờng kính của khối noãn hoàng là 0,91 ± 0,1 mm, ấu trùng có
một giọt dầu nằm ở phía lƣng của khối noãn hoàng với đƣờng kính giọt dầu là 0,16 ±
0,05 mm. Ấu trùng cá Song vua thƣờng mở miệng sau 60 giờ kể từ khi trứng nở (độ mặn
28 ppt và nhiệt độ 28ºC) với kích thƣớc mở miệng là 130,5 20,0 m. Gai cứng xuất
hiện trên vây lung và vây ngực của ấu trùng từ ngày tuổi thứ 9, gai cứng dài tối đa vào
ngày tuổi thứ 21 và các gai cứng này biến mất vào ngày tuổi thứ 35, ấu trùng cá Song
vua hoàn thành biến thái thành cá hƣơng ở ngày tuổi thứ 42 khi đó kích thƣớc ấu trùng
đạt 35,02 ± 0,51 mm. Khi mới nở ống tiêu hóa của ấu trùng cá Song vua là một ống
thẳng, mầm dạ dày xuất hiện vào ngày thứ 3 và phát triển hoàn thiện ở giai đoạn hoàn
thành biến thái. Đặc trƣng ống tiêu hóa của ấu trùng cá Song vua là to và ngắn. Điều kiện
độ mặn nƣớc thích hợp nhất cho ấu trùng phát triển là 28 - 32 ppt và nhiệt độ nƣớc thích
hợp (từ khi nở đến khi ấu trùng 20 ngày tuổi) là 28oC, khoảng nhiệt độ nƣớc thích hợp
(từ khi ấu trùng 20 ngày tuổi đến ấu trùng hoàn thiện biến thái) là 28 - 31oC
151 trang |
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1
Phụ Lục
1. Ảnh hƣởng của nhiệt độ và độ mặn đến quá trình phát triển của phôi
Anova: Single Factor Nhiệt độ - Thời gian nở (phút)
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
25,0±0,5 3 117.9 39.3 20.41
28,0±0,5 3 67.4 22.47 5.84
31,0±0,5 3 55.2 18.4 4.69
34,0±0,5 3 49.2 16.4 4.09
ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 976.4425 3 325.4808333 37.16241675 4.81075E-05 4.066180557
Within Groups 70.06666667 8 8.758333333
Total 1046.509167 11 significant difference
Anova: Single Factor Nhiệt độ - Thời gian ấp (phút)
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
25,0±0,5 3 3287.1 1095.7 32.67
28,0±0,5 3 3152.1 1050.7 71.47
31,0±0,5 3 3061.8 1020.6 85.41
34,0±0,5 3 3031.2 1010.4 66.43
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 13181 3 4393.81 68.65864521 4.73592E-06 4.066180557
Within Groups 511.96 8 63.995
Total 13693 11 significant difference
2
Anova: Single Factor Nhiệt độ - Tỷ lệ nở (%)
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
25,0±0,5 3 97.87050429 32.62350143 4.0708614
28,0±0,5 3 158.1573091 52.71910304 1.9410792
31,0±0,5 3 152.8446114 50.94820379 1.795801
34,0±0,5 3 103.4932721 34.49775735 7.6558023
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between
Groups 1011.6836 3 337.2278668 87.231716 1.8826E-06 4.066181
Within Groups 30.9270879 8 3.865885988
Total 1042.610688 11 significant difference
Anova: Single Factor Nhiệt độ - Tỷ lệ ấu trùng dị hình (%)
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
25,0±0,5 3 34.369 11.456 8.355
28,0±0,5 3 27.214 9.071 0.734
31,0±0,5 3 56.105 18.702 1.178
34,0±0,5 3 240.095 80.032 28.361
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between
Groups 10237.69725 3 3412.56575 353.38292 7.7202E-09 4.066181
Within Groups 77.25479786 8 9.656849733
Total 10314.95205 11 significant difference
3
Anova: Single Factor độ mặn - Thời gian ấp (phút)
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
24±0,5 3 3038.1 1012.7 43.81
28±0,5 3 3092.4 1030.8 56.77
32±0,5 3 3062.8 1020.933333 66.34333333
35±0,5 3 3045 1015 54.61
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 587.1625 3 195.7208333 3.533930184 0.068089658 4.066180557
Within Groups 443.0666667 8 55.38333333
Total 1030.229167 11 not significant difference
Anova: Single Factor độ mặn - Thời gian nở (phút)
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
24±0,5 3 146.4 48.8 3.43
28±0,5 3 147.9 49.3 4.41
32±0,5 3 149.1 49.7 6.24
35±0,5 3 150.2 50.06666667 6.303333333
ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 2.66 3 0.886666667 0.173998365 0.91101154 4.066180557
Within Groups 40.76666667 8 5.095833333
Total 43.42666667 11 not significant difference
4
Anova: Single Factor độ mặn - Tỷ lệ nở (%)
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
24±0,5 3 71.39806544 23.79935515 3.6292305
28±0,5 3 111.4856533 37.16188444 1.79846604
32±0,5 3 157.6237463 52.54124876 2.03723034
35±0,5 3 150.9184057 50.30613524 2.17138105
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 1591.166203 3 530.3887343 220.162634 5.02339E-08 4.066180557
Within Groups 19.27261587 8 2.409076984
Total 1610.438819 11 significant difference
Anova: Single Factor độ mặn -Tỷ lệ ấu trùng dị hình (%)
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
24±0,5 3 5.008951223 1.669650408 0.0184013
28±0,5 3 3.971588465 1.323862822 0.0710808
32±0,5 3 3.891200525 1.297066842 0.0264264
35±0,5 3 3.79523616 1.26507872 0.0493637
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 0.32044699 3 0.106815663 2.585205 0.1257581 4.0661806
Within Groups 0.330544555 8 0.041318069
Total 0.650991545 11
Not significant difference
5
2. Ảnh hƣởng của nhiệt độ và độ mặn đến cá Song vua giai đoạn ấu trùng
Anova: Single Factor Nhiệt độ - kích thước - 20 ngày tuổi
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
ĐC 30 302.8 10.09333333 0.461333333
25 30 236.6 7.886666667 0.894298851
28 30 333.2 11.10666667 0.594436782
31 30 374.5 12.48333333 0.791781609
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between
Groups 337.5095833 3 112.5031944 164.1273897 1.40675E-41 2.682809415
Within Groups 79.51366667 116 0.685462644
Total 417.02325 119 significant difference
Anova: Single Factor Nhiệt độ - kích thước - Thời điểm biến thái
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
ĐC 30 1068.1 35.6 8.10654023
25 30 1017 33.9 11.97931034
28 30 1092 36.4 2.756551724
31 30 1035 34.5 1.785517241
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between
Groups 112.30025 3 37.43341667 2.682809415 0.070274809 6.079834166
Within Groups 714.2096667 116 6.156979885
Total 826.5099167 119 not significant difference
6
Anova: Single Factor Độ mặn (ppt)- kích thước -20 ngày tuổi
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
24 30 307.8 10.26 0.715586207
28 30 341.6 11.38666667 0.523264368
32 30 316.2 10.54 0.833517241
35 30 277.7 9.256666667 0.785298851
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups
69.4135833
3 3 23.13786111 32.38706793
2.7808E-
15 2.682809415
Within Groups
82.8723333
3 116 0.714416667
Total
152.285916
7 119 significant difference
Anova: Single Factor Độ mặn (ppt) - kích thước -Thời điểm biến thái
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
24 30 1088.9 36.29667 6.462402
28 30 1101.1 36.70333 13.42723
32 30 1074.1 35.80333 5.040333
35 30 1068 35.6 8.346207
ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 22.22092 3 7.406972 0.890363 0.448425 2.682809
Within Groups 965.009 116 8.319043
Total 987.2299 119 not significant difference
7
Anova: Single Factor nhiệt độ -20 DAH - Tỷ lệ sống
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
ĐC (25 - 26.5) 3 6.472271 2.157424 0.053284
25 3 4.658075 1.552692 0.073723
28 3 9.395866 3.131955 0.011283
31 3 8.264413 2.754804 0.03158
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 4.315251 3 1.438417 33.87093 6.78E-05 4.066181
Within Groups 0.339741 8 0.042468
Total 4.654992 11 significant difference
Anova: Single Factor nhiệt độ - biến thái- Tỷ lệ sống
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
ĐC 3 4.415843 1.471948 0.010056
25 3 3.181718 1.060573 0.012779
28 3 6.185091 2.061697 0.014109
31 3 5.515208 1.838403 0.030413
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 1.73134 3 0.577113 34.27229 6.49E-05 4.066181
Within Groups 0.134712 8 0.016839
Total 1.866052 11 significant difference
8
Anova: Single Factor Độ mặn -20 DAH - Tỷ lệ sống
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
24 3 5.30220336 1.767401 0.149439926
28 3 9.58964982 3.19655 0.018102713
32 3 9.98401449 3.328005 0.006575769
35 3 7.48884285 2.496281 0.022872129
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 4.65647833 3 1.552159 31.51744164 8.82421E-05 4.066180557
Within Groups 0.39398108 8 0.049248
Total 5.0504594 11 significant difference
Anova: Single Factor Độ mặn -biến thái - Tỷ lệ sống
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
24 3 4.75984766 1.586616 0.003975045
28 3 7.02910712 2.343036 0.005275521
32 3 7.39615504 2.465385 0.002815109
35 3 5.42460593 1.808202 0.015608423
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 1.5948094 3 0.531603 76.83764712 3.07259E-06 4.066180557
Within Groups 0.05534819 8 0.006919
Total 1.65015759 11 significant difference
9
3. Ảnh hƣởng của thức ăn đến ấu trùng cá Song vua 2 -9 ngày tuổi
Anova: Single Factor kích thước - 2DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT1 30 70.88 2.362666667 0.003689
CT2 30 70.89 2.363 0.006311
CT3 30 70.9 2.363333333 0.002499
Không cho ăn 24 56.62 2.359166667 0.087886
ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 0.000285088 3 9.50292E-05 0.004385 0.999598 2.687139
Within Groups 2.383866667 110 0.021671515
Total 2.384151754 113 not significant difference
Anova: Single Factor kích thước -6DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT1 30 106.12 3.537333333 0.007847816
CT2 30 104.25 3.475 0.011384483
CT3 30 105.56 3.518666667 0.005984368
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between
Groups 0.061406667 2 0.030703333 3.601295757 0.029972977 3.152742895
Within Groups 0.731283333 87 0.008405556
Total 0.79269 89 significant difference
10
Anova: Single Factor kích thước - 9DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT1 30 119.29 3.976333333 0.133686092
CT2 30 120.32 4.010666667 0.032047816
CT3 30 126.21 4.207 0.008718276
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between
Groups 0.929326667 2 0.464663333 7.990670961 0.000651765 3.101295757
Within Groups 5.059113333 87 0.058150728
Total 5.98844 89 significant difference
Anova: Single Factor Survival rate - 2 DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT1 3 26.92186 8.973953 0.00224
CT2 3 27.0713 9.023767 0.007452
CT3 3 26.97037 8.990125 0.016487
Không cho ăn 3 27.17545 9.058485 0.015775
ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 0.012674 3 0.004225 0.402805
0.755047 4.066181
Within Groups 0.083905 8 0.010488
Total 0.096579 11 not significant difference
11
Anova: Single Factor Survival rate - 6 DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT1 3 103.4253 34.47509 3.512695
CT2 3 80.09424 26.69808 1.133275
CT3 3 45.96782 15.32261 4.793981
ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 556.7009 2 278.3505 88.45929 3.53E-05 5.143253
Within Groups 18.8799 6 3.14665
Total 575.5808 8 significant difference
Anova: Single Factor Survival rate - 9 DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT1 3 12.78306 4.26102 0.115557
CT2 3 10.96268 3.654227 0.019935
CT3 3 7.43768 2.479227 0.080153
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 4.923613604 2 2.461807 34.24801 0.000522 5.14325285
Within Groups 0.431290505 6 0.071882
Total 5.354904108 8 significant difference
12
4. Ảnh hƣởng của thức ăn đến ấu trùng cá Song vua 10 -21 ngày tuổi
Anova: Single Factor Total length 15 DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT4 30 216.58 7.219333 0.080372
CT5 30 190.78 6.359333 0.098372
CT6 30 205.53 6.851 0.036251
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 11.17006 2 5.585028 77.93258 4.03E-20 3.101296
Within Groups 6.234843 87 0.071665
Total 17.4049 89 significant difference
Anova: Single Factor Total length 21 DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT4 30 370.09 12.33633333 0.254092989
CT5 30 307.39 10.24633333 0.255086092
CT6 30 338.43 11.281 0.057616207
ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 65.52363556 2 32.76181778 173.4055585 4.43106E-31 3.101295757
Within Groups 16.43706333 87 0.188931762
Total 81.96069889 89 significant difference
13
Anova: Single Factor Survival rate - 15 DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT4 4 259.9095 64.97737 3.988116
CT5 4 222.5278 55.63195 1.001169
CT6 4 238.7819 59.69549 3.328604
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 175.6634 2 87.8317 31.67812
8.44E-05 4.256495
Within Groups 24.95367 9 2.77263
Total 200.6171 11 significant difference
Anova: Single Factor Survival rate - 21 DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT4 4 242.98 60.74500137 5.60057
CT5 4 214.3429 53.58572793 5.362232
CT6 4 232.4467 58.11168512 1.815861
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 104.8985 2 52.44922608 12.31331 0.002655 4.256495
Within Groups 38.33599 9 4.259554383
Total 143.2344 11 significant difference
14
5. Ảnh hƣởng của thức ăn đến ấu trùng cá Song vua 22 - 42 ngày tuổi
Anova: Single Factor Total length 42 DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT7 30 1089 36.3 53.18275862
CT8 30 1064 35.46666667 16.53333333
CT9 30 1278 42.6 6.455172414
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 912.6888889 2 456.3444444 17.97309451 2.9274E-07 3.101295757
Within Groups 2208.966667 87 25.39042146
Total 3121.655556 89 significant difference
Anova: Single Factor Survival rate - 27 DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT7 4 291.6898 72.92245 1.381776
CT8 4 276.7925 69.19812 8.162231
CT9 4 225.9991 56.49978 1.306738
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 593.0969 2 296.5484 81.98933 1.67E-06 4.256495
Within Groups 32.55223 9 3.616915
Total 625.6491 11 significant difference
15
Anova: Single Factor Survival rate - 32 DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT7 4 270.9039 67.72597 6.575545
CT8 4 241.36 60.34 3.196157
CT9 4 100.6135 25.15337 5.741974
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between
Groups 4140.104 2 2070.052 400.3021 1.61E-09 4.256495
Within Groups 46.54103 9 5.171225
Total 4186.645 11 significant difference
Anova: Single Factor Survival rate - 37 DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT7 4 201.7106 50.42766 3.789500669
CT8 4 223.999 55.99976 6.847267691
CT9 4 76.60099 19.15025 2.144343653
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between
Groups 3156.282 2 1578.141 370.4234006 2.27E-09 4.256495
Within Groups 38.34334 9 4.260371
Total 3194.625 11 significant difference
16
Anova: Single Factor Survival rate - 42 DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT7 4
148.3512748 37.08782 12.84853
CT8 4
213.748935 53.43723 6.117671
CT9 4
63.23362139 15.80841 5.405149
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 2848.061 2 1424.03 175.2916 6.21E-08 4.256495
Within Groups 73.11404 9 8.123782
Total 2921.175 11 significant difference
6. Ảnh hưởng của thức ăn đến ấu trùng cá Song vua 42 - 84 ngày tuổi
Anova: Single Factor Total length 84 DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT10 30 2256 75.2 18.23448276
CT11 30 3597 119.9 21.12758621
CT12 30 3358 111.9333333 59.51264368
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between
Groups 34108.95556 2 17054.47778 517.4572139 4.96408E-49 3.101295757
Within Groups 2867.366667 87 32.95823755
Total 36976.32222 89 significant difference
17
Anova: Single Factor Survival rate - 53 DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT10 4 38.46669 9.616673 0.026135
CT11 4 39.03591 9.758978 0.016469
CT12 4 38.67664 9.669161 0.009762
ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 0.04143 2 0.020715 1.186742 0.348795 4.256495
Within Groups 0.157099 9 0.017455
Total 0.19853 11 not significant difference
Anova: Single Factor Survival rate - 63 DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT10 4 37.24431 9.311079 0.071752
CT11 4 38.09832 9.52458 0.043174
CT12 4 37.56982 9.392456 0.042354
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between
Groups 0.092882 2 0.046441 0.885831 0.445471 4.256495
Within Groups 0.471839 9 0.052427
Total 0.564722 11 not significant difference
18
Anova: Single Factor Survival rate - 73 DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT10 4 35.49454 8.873634 0.01149211
CT11 4 36.92525 9.231312 0.043849233
CT12 4 36.05436 9.013591 0.006911836
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 0.259898 2 0.129949 6.262281563 0.019765 4.256495
Within Groups 0.18676 9 0.020751
Total 0.446657 11 significant difference
Anova: Single Factor Survival rate -84 DAH
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
CT10 4 35.15332 8.788331 0.020327
CT11 4 36.70787 9.176967 0.044371
CT12 4 35.43488 8.858719 0.0308
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 0.343032656 2 0.171516 5.388056 0.028937 4.256495
Within Groups 0.286494248 9 0.031833
Total 0.629526904 11 significant difference
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