Đã phân lập, định danh được các chủng Salmonella từ thịt lợn, thịt bò,
và thịt gà tại các chợ bán lẻ ở Hà Nội. Các mẫu nghiên cứu nhiễm
Salmonella với tỷ lệ 27,8%, bao gồm 9 serovar khác nhau, trong đó phổ
biến nhất là S. Typhimurium.
2. Đã xác định được đặc điểm kháng kháng sinh của các chủng Salmonella
phân lập được. Salmonella phân lập được có tỷ lệ đề kháng kháng sinh
hay sử dụng là 52%, tỷ lệ Salmonella đa kháng kháng sinh là 36%. Các
kháng sinh bị đề kháng cao là STR và TE (44%). Ngược lại, 100% số
chủng nhạy cảm với CAZ. Kiểu hình kháng kháng sinh phổ biến là TE,
STR, AM, và C, TE, SXT, STR, AM.
3. Đã phân tích được các nhóm gen ở các chủng Salmonella đa kháng kháng
sinh. Bao gồm các nhóm gen liên quan đến kháng kháng sinh và các
nhóm gen liên quan đến độc tố của vi khuẩn. Từ đó đã xác định được:
• Đột biến mới ở gen parC (A628S) có khả năng liên quan đến đề kháng
kháng sinh nhóm quinolone ở Salmonella
172 trang |
Chia sẻ: tueminh09 | Ngày: 24/01/2022 | Lượt xem: 584 | Lượt tải: 0
Bạn đang xem trước 20 trang tài liệu Luận án Nghiên cứu đặc điểm kháng kháng sinh và gen liên quan ở các chủng salmonella đa kháng, để xem tài liệu hoàn chỉnh bạn click vào nút DOWNLOAD ở trên
maraes, Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Salmonella
spp. isolated from foods and clinical samples in Brazil, An. Acad. Bras.
Cienc., 2017, 89(2), 1143-1153.
77. M. S. Kim, T. H. Lim, J. H. Jang, D. H. Lee, B. Y. Kim, J. H. Kwon, S.
W. Choi, J. Y. Noh, Y. H. Hong, S. B. Lee, S. Y. Yang, H. J. Lee, J. B.
Lee, S. Y. Park, I. S. Choi, C. S. Song, Prevalence and antimicrobial
resistance of Salmonella species isolated from chicken meats produced
by different integrated broiler operations in Korea, Poult. Sci., 2012,
91(9), 2370-2375.
78. Y. I. Wolf, E. V. Koonin, Genome reduction as the dominant mode of
evolution, Bioessays, 2013, 35(9), 829-837.
127
79. V. R. Marcelino, M. Wille, A. C. Hurt, D. González-Acuña, M. Klaassen,
T. E. Schlub, J. S. Eden, Mang Shi, J. R. Iredell, T. C. Sorrell, E. C.
Holmes, Meta-transcriptomics reveals a diverse antibiotic resistance
gene pool in avian microbiomes, BMC Biology, 2019, 17(1), 1-11.
80. H. Qin, N. W. Lo, J. C. Loo, X. Lin, A. Y. Yim, S. K. Tsui, T. C. Lau,
M. Ip, T. Chan, Comparative transcriptomics of multidrug-resistant
Acinetobacter baumannii in response to antibiotic treatments, Sci. Rep.,
2018, 8(1), 3515-3515.
81. J. R. Miller, S. Koren, G. Sutton, Assembly algorithms for next-
generation sequencing data, Genomics, 2010, 95(6), 315-327.
82. S. L. Salzberg, A. M. Phillippy, A. Zimin, D. Puiu, T. Magoc, S. Koren,
T. J. Treangen, M. C. Schatz, A. L. Delcher, M. Roberts, G. Marcais, M.
Pop, J. A. Yorke, GAGE: A critical evaluation of genome assemblies and
assembly algorithms, Genome Res., 2012, 22(3), 557-567.
83. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/help/.
84. D. Guizelini, R. T. Raittz, J. A. Cruz, E. M. Souza, M. B. Steffens, F. O.
Pedrosa, GFinisher: a new strategy to refine and finish bacterial genome
assemblies, Sci. Rep., 2016, 6(34963), 1-8.
85. A. Kérouanton, E. Hirchaud, V. Rose, E. Esnault, D. Naquin, M. Denis,
First Complete Genome Sequence of a Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica Serovar Derby Strain Associated with Pork in France, Genome
announc., 2015, 3(4), e00853-15.
86. W. Klimke, C. O'Donovan, O. White, J. R. Brister, K. Clark, B. Fedorov,
I. Mizrachi, K. D. Pruitt, T. Tatusova, Solving the Problem: Genome
Annotation Standards before the Data Deluge, Stand. Genomic Sci.,
2011, 5(1), 168-193.
87. J. Baek, J. Lee, K. Yoon, H. Lee, Identification of Unannotated Small
Genes in Salmonella, G3 (Bethesda), 2017, 7(3), 983-989.
128
88. A. S. Warren, J. Archuleta, W. C. Feng, J. C. Setubal, Missing genes in
the annotation of prokaryotic genomes, BMC Bioinformatics, 2010,
11(131), 1-12.
89. Y. M. Hsu, C. Y. Tang, H. Lin, Y. H. Chen, Y. L. Chen, Y. H. Su, D. S.
Chen, J. H. Lin, C. C. Chang, Comparative study of class 1 integron,
ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole,
tetracycline (ACSSuT) and fluoroquinolone resistance in various
Salmonella serovars from humans and animals, Comp. Immunol.
Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 2013, 36(1), 9-16.
90. J. R. Owen, N. Noyes, Whole-Genome Sequencing and Concordance
Between Antimicrobial Susceptibility Genotypes and Phenotypes of
Bacterial Isolates Associated with Bovine Respiratory Disease, G3:
Genes|Genomes|Genetics, 2017, 7(9), 3059-3071.
91. P. F. McDermott, G. H. Tyson, C. Kabera, Y. Chen, C. Li, J. P. Folster,
S. L. Ayers, C. Lam, H. P. Tate, S. Zhao, Whole-Genome Sequencing
for Detecting Antimicrobial Resistance in Nontyphoidal Salmonella,
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 2016, 60(9), 5515-5520.
92. E. Zankari, H. Hasman, R. S. Kaas, A. M. Seyfarth, Y. Agerso, O. Lund,
M. V. Larsen, F. M. Aarestrup, Genotyping using whole-genome
sequencing is a realistic alternative to surveillance based on phenotypic
antimicrobial susceptibility testing, J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 2013,
68(4), 771-777.
93. P. Andres, C. Lucero, A. Soler-Bistue, L. Guerriero, E. Albornoz, T.
Tran, A. Zorreguieta, M. Galas, A. Corso, M. E. Tolmasky, A. Petroni,
Differential distribution of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes
in clinical enterobacteria with unusual phenotypes of quinolone
susceptibility from Argentina, Antimicrob. Agents. Chemother., 2013,
57(6), 2467-2475.
94. W. Zou, J. G. Frye, C. W. Chang, J. Liu, C. E. Cerniglia, R. Nayak,
Microarray analysis of antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella
129
enterica from preharvest poultry environment, J. Appl. Microbiol., 2009,
107(3), 906-914.
95. A. C. Martiny, J. B. H. Martiny, C. Weihe, A. Field, J. C. Ellis,
Functional metagenomics reveals previously unrecognized diversity of
antibiotic resistance genes in gulls, Front. Microbiol., 2011, 2(238), 1-
11.
96. L. Garcia-Migura, M. Sunde, S. Karlsmose, K. Veldman, A. Schroeter,
B. Guerra, S. A. Granier, A. Perrin-Guyomard, L. Clemente, P. Boerlin,
M. A. Moreno, D. Daignault, D. Mevius, R. S. Hendriksen, F. M.
Aarestrup, Establishing streptomycin epidemiological cut-off values for
Salmonella and Escherichia coli, Microb. Drug. Resist., 2012, 18(1), 88-
93.
97. Y. Lu, H. Zhao, Y. Liu, X. Zhou, J. Wang, T. Liu, R. C. Beier, X. Hou,
Characterization of quinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar
Indiana from chickens in China, Poult. Sci., 2015, 94(3), 454-460.
98. M. Brown-Jaque, W. Calero-Caceres, M. Muniesa, Transfer of
antibiotic-resistance genes via phage-related mobile elements, Plasmid,
2015, 79, 1-7.
99. S. Neuert, S. Nair, M. R. Day, M. Doumith, P. M. Ashton, K. C. Mellor,
C. Jenkins, K. L. Hopkins, N. Woodford, E. de Pinna, G. Godbole, T. J.
Dallman, Prediction of Phenotypic Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles
From Whole Genome Sequences of Non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica,
Front. Microbiol., 2018, 9(592), 1-11.
100. D. C. Vélez, V. Rodríguez, N. V. García, Phenotypic and Genotypic
Antibiotic Resistance of Salmonella from Chicken Carcasses Marketed
at Ibague, Colombia, Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic., 2017, 19, 347-354.
101. Y. O. Adesiji, V. K. Deekshit, I. Karunasagar, Antimicrobial-resistant
genes associated with Salmonella spp. isolated from human, poultry, and
seafood sources, Food Sci. Nutr., 2014, 2(4), 436-442.
130
102. B. Liu, M. Pop, ARDB—Antibiotic Resistance Genes Database, Nucleic
Acids. Res., 2009, 37, 443-447.
103. K. Bush, G. A. Jacoby, Updated functional classification of beta-
lactamases, Antimicrob. Agents. Chemother., 2010, 54(3), 969-976.
104. L. Madsen, F. M. Aarestrup, J. E. Olsen, Characterisation of
streptomycin resistance determinants in Danish isolates of Salmonella
Typhimurium, Vet. Microbiol., 2000, 75(1), 73-82.
105. I. Chopra, M. Roberts, Tetracycline antibiotics: mode of action,
applications, molecular biology, and epidemiology of bacterial
resistance, Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., 2001, 65(2), 232-260.
106. F. Nguyen, A. L. Starosta, S. Arenz, D. Sohmen, A. Donhofer, D. N.
Wilson, Tetracycline antibiotics and resistance mechanisms, Biol.
Chem., 2014, 395(5), 559-575.
107. V. B. Ribeiro, N. Lincopan, M. Landgraf, B. D. Franco, M. T. Destro,
Characterization of class 1 integrons and antibiotic resistance genes in
multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica isolates from foodstuff and
related sources, Braz. J. Microbiol., 2011, 42(2), 685-692.
108. J. Shen, B. Yang, Q. Gu, G. Zhang, J. Yang, F. Xue, J. Shao, X. Yi, Y.
Jiang, The Role of AcrAB-TolC Efflux Pump in Mediating
Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Naturally Occurring Salmonella Isolates
from China, Foodborne. Pathog. Dis., 2017, 14(12), 728-734.
109. M. Gopal, S. Elumalai, S. Arumugam, V. Durairajpandian, M. A.
Kannan, E. Selvam, S. Seetharaman, GyrA ser83 and ParC trp106
Mutations in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Isolated from Typhoid
Fever Patients in Tertiary Care Hospital, J. Clin. Diagn. Res., 2016,
10(7), 14-18.
110. Y. J. Lee, K. S. Kim, J. H. Kim, R. B. Tak, Salmonella gallinarum gyrA
mutations associated with fluoroquinolone resistance, Avian. Pathol.,
2004, 33(2), 251-257.
131
111. N. Sinwat, S. Angkittitrakul, K. F. Coulson, F. M. Pilapil, D. Meunsene,
R. Chuanchuen, High prevalence and molecular characteristics of
multidrug-resistant Salmonella in pigs, pork and humans in Thailand and
Laos provinces, J. Med. Microbiol., 2016, 65(10), 1182-1193.
112. L. M. Weigel, C. D. Steward, F. C. Tenover, gyrA mutations associated
with fluoroquinolone resistance in eight species of Enterobacteriaceae,
Antimicrob. Agents. Chemother., 1998, 42(10), 2661-2667.
113. S. Nair, M. Unnikrishnan, K. Turner, S. C. Parija, C. Churcher, J. Wain,
N. Harish, Molecular analysis of fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella
Paratyphi A isolate, India, Emerg. Infect. Dis., 2006, 12(3), 489-491.
114. S. Baucheron, E. Chaslus-Dancla, A. Cloeckaert, C. H. Chiu, P. Butaye,
High-level resistance to fluoroquinolones linked to mutations in gyrA,
parC, and parE in Salmonella enterica serovar Schwarzengrund isolates
from humans in Taiwan, Antimicrob. Agents. Chemother., 2005, 49(2),
862-863.
115. X. Z. Li, P. Plesiat, H. Nikaido, The challenge of efflux-mediated
antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria, Clin. Microbiol. Rev.,
2015, 28(2), 337-418.
116. X. Z. Li, A. Elkins, H. Zgurskaya, Efflux-Mediated Antimicrobial
Resistance in Bacteria: Mechanisms, Regulation and Clinical
Implications, ADIS/Springer, 2016, United State
117. K. Nishino, T. Latifi, E. A. Groisman, Virulence and drug resistance
roles of multidrug efflux systems of Salmonella enterica serovar
Typhimurium, Mol. Microbiol., 2006, 59(1), 126-141.
118. S. Yamasaki, S. Nagasawa, M. Hayashi-Nishino, A. Yamaguchi, K.
Nishino, AcrA dependency of the AcrD efflux pump in Salmonella
enterica serovar Typhimurium, J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 2011, 64(6), 433-
437.
132
119. J. Vila, J. L. Martinez, Clinical impact of the over-expression of efflux
pump in nonfermentative Gram-negative bacilli, development of efflux
pump inhibitors, Curr. Drug. Targets., 2008, 9(9), 797-807.
120. K. Nishino, A. Yamaguchi, Analysis of a complete library of putative
drug transporter genes in Escherichia coli, J. Bacteriol., 2001, 183(20),
5803-5812.
121. J. Suez, S. Porwollik, A. Dagan, A. Marzel, Y. I. Schorr, P. T. Desai, V.
Agmon, M. McClelland, G. Rahav, O. Gal-Mor, Virulence Gene
Profiling and Pathogenicity Characterization of Non-Typhoidal
Salmonella Accounted for Invasive Disease in Humans, PLoS One, 2013,
8(3), e58449.
122. R. A. Espinoza, C. A. Silva-Valenzuela, F. A. Amaya, I. M. Urrutia, I.
Contreras, C. A. Santiviago, Differential roles for pathogenicity islands
SPI-13 and SPI-8 in the interaction of Salmonella Enteritidis and
Salmonella Typhi with murine and human macrophages, Biol. Res.,
2017, 50(5), 1-7.
123. L. Roer, R. S. Hendriksen, P. Leekitcharoenphon, O. Lukjancenko, R. S.
Kaas, H. Hasman, F. M. Aarestrup, Is the Evolution of Salmonella
enterica subsp. enterica Linked to Restriction-Modification Systems?,
mSystems, 2016, 1(3), 1-15.
124. R. Figueiredo, R. Card, C. Nunes, M. AbuOun, M. C. Bagnall, J. Nunez,
N. Mendonca, M. F. Anjum, G. J. Silva, Virulence Characterization of
Salmonella enterica by a New Microarray: Detection and Evaluation of
the Cytolethal Distending Toxin Gene Activity in the Unusual Host S.
Typhimurium, PLoS One, 2015, 10(8), e0135010.
125. R. Card, K. Vaughan, M. Bagnall, J. Spiropoulos, W. Cooley, T.
Strickland, R. Davies, M. F. Anjum, Virulence Characterisation of
Salmonella enterica Isolates of Differing Antimicrobial Resistance
Recovered from UK Livestock and Imported Meat Samples, Front.
Microbiol., 2016, 7(640), 1-11.
133
126. C. X. Wang, S. L. Zhu, X. Y. Wang, Y. Feng, B. Li, Y. G. Li, R. N.
Johnston, G. R. Liu, J. Zhou, S. L. Liu, Complete genome sequence of
Salmonella enterica subspecies Arizonae str. RKS2983, Stand. Genomic
Sci., 2015, 10(30), 1-7.
127. D. G. Guiney, Regulation of bacterial virulence gene expression by the
host environment, J. Clin. Invest., 1997, 99(4), 565-569.
128. A. Diepold, J. P. Armitage, Type III secretion systems: the bacterial
flagellum and the injectisome, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., B, Biol. Sci.,
2015, 370(1679), 1-19.
129. Y. V. Morimoto, T. Minamino, Structure and function of the bi-
directional bacterial flagellar motor, Biomolecules, 2014, 4(1), 217-234.
130. J. E. Olsen, K. H. Hoegh-Andersen, J. Casadesus, J. Rosenkranzt, M. S.
Chadfield, L. E. Thomsen, The role of flagella and chemotaxis genes in
host pathogen interaction of the host adapted Salmonella enterica serovar
Dublin compared to the broad host range serovar S. Typhimurium, BMC
Microbiol., 2013, 13(67), 1-11.
131. L. Yim, L. Betancor, A. Martinez, C. Bryant, D. Maskell, J. A.
Chabalgoity, Naturally occurring motility-defective mutants of
Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis isolated preferentially from
nonhuman rather than human sources, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2011,
77(21), 7740-7748.
132. Q. Liu, Q. Liu, J. Yi, K. Liang, B. Hu, X. Zhang, R. Curtiss, Q. Kong,
Outer membrane vesicles from flagellin-deficient Salmonella enterica
serovar Typhimurium induce cross-reactive immunity and provide cross-
protection against heterologous Salmonella challenge, Sci. Rep., 2016,
6(34776), 1-13.
133. R. F. Maldonado, I. Sa-Correia, M. A. Valvano, Lipopolysaccharide
modification in Gram-negative bacteria during chronic infection, FEMS.
Microbiol. Rev., 2016, 40(4), 480-493.
134
134. L. E. Bretscher, M. T. Morrell, A. L. Funk, C. S. Klug, Purification and
characterization of the L-Ara4N transferase protein ArnT from
Salmonella Typhimurium, Protein. Expr. Purif., 2006, 46(1), 33-39.
135. C. Lucian, S. StaicuRonald, T. Oremland, M. Hisaaki, Bacteria Versus
Selenium: A View from the Inside Out, Springer, 2017, Switzerland
136. W. T. Doerrler, R. Sikdar, S. Kumar, L. A. Boughner, New functions for
the ancient DedA membrane protein family, J. Bacteriol., 2013, 195(1),
3-11.
137. R. J. Turner, J. H. Weiner, D. E. Taylor, Selenium metabolism in
Escherichia coli, Biometals, 1998, 11(3), 223-227.
138. E. H. Morales, C. A. Pinto, R. Luraschi, C. M. Muñoz-Villagrán, F. A.
Cornejo, S. W. Simpkins, J. Nelson, F. A. Arenas, J. S. Piotrowski, C. L.
Myers, H. Mori, C. Vásquez, Accumulation of heme biosynthetic
intermediates contributes to the antibacterial action of the metalloid
tellurite, Nat. Commun., 2017, 8(15320), 1-12.
139. C. F. Gonzalez, M. Proudfoot, G. Brown, Y. Korniyenko, H. Mori, A. V.
Savchenko, A. F. Yakunin, Molecular basis of formaldehyde
detoxification. Characterization of two S-formylglutathione hydrolases
from Escherichia coli, FrmB and YeiG, J. Biol. Chem., 2006, 281(20),
14514-14522.
140. A. D. Lemly, Aquatic selenium pollution is a global environmental safety
issue, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 2004, 59(1), 44-56.
141. S. B. Santos, C. Carvalho, J. Azeredo, E. C. Ferreira, Population
Dynamics of a Salmonella Lytic Phage and Its Host: Implications of the
Host Bacterial Growth Rate in Modelling, PLoS One, 2014, 9(7),
e102507.
142. H. M. Hungaro, R. C. S. Mendonça, D. M. Gouvêa, M. C. D. Vanetti, C.
L. O. Pinto, Use of bacteriophages to reduce Salmonella in chicken skin
in comparison with chemical agents, Food. Res. Int., 2013, 52(1), 75-81.
135
143. C. Pelludat, S. Mirold, W. D. Hardt, The SopEΦ Phage Integrates into
the ssrA Gene of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium A36 and Is
Closely Related to the Fels-2 Prophage, J. Bacteriol., 2003, 185(17),
5182-5191.
144. D. Castillo, R. Espejo, M. Middelboe, Genomic structure of
bacteriophage 6H and its distribution as prophage in Flavobacterium
psychrophilum strains, FEMS. Microbiology. Letters., 2014, 351(1), 51-
58.
145. Z. Xu, L. Li, L. Shi, M. E. Shirtliff, Class 1 integron in Staphylococci,
Mol. Biol. Rep., 2011, 38(8), 5261-5279.
146. F. L. Theodoulou, I. D. Kerr, ABC transporter research: going strong 40
years on, Biochem. Soc. Trans., 2015, 43(5), 1033-1040.
147. P. Garai, K. Chandra, D. Chakravortty, Bacterial peptide transporters:
Messengers of nutrition to virulence, Virulence, 2017, 8(3), 297-309.
148. K. J. Tanaka, S. Song, K. Mason, H. W. Pinkett, Selective substrate
uptake: The role of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) importers in
pathogenesis, Biochim. Biophys. Acta. Biomembr., 2018, 1860(4), 868-
877.
1
PHỤ LỤC
Phụ lục 1. Kết quả kiểm tra chất lượng thư viện cDNA bằng máy Bioanalyzer.
2
3
4
Phụ lục 2. Gen độc lực biểu hiện ở các mẫu nghiên cứu.
Source ID Sal 4 Sal 6 Sal 7 Sal 8 Sal 11 Sal 12 Chức năng Phân loại
VFG000444 + + + + + + Fimbriae-like adhesin FimI Adherence,Fimbrial
VFG000445 + + + + + + Probable fimbrial chaperone SfmC Adherence,Fimbrial
VFG000446 + + + + + + Outer membrane usher protein SfmD Adherence,Fimbrial
VFG000447 + + + + + + Uncharacterized fimbrial-like protein SfmH Adherence,Fimbrial
VFG000448 + + + + + + Uncharacterized fimbrial-like protein SfmF Adherence,Fimbrial
VFG000457 + + + + + +
Minor curlin subunit CsgB, nucleation
component of curlin monomers
Adherence,Fimbrial
VFG000458 + + + + + + Major curlin subunit precursor CsgA Adherence,Fimbrial
VFG000459 + + + + + + Putative curli production protein CsgC Adherence,Fimbrial
VFG000460 + + + + + +
Curli production assembly/transport
component CsgE
Adherence,Fimbrial
VFG000461 + + + + + +
Curli production assembly/transport
component CsgF
Adherence,Fimbrial
VFG000462 + + + + + +
Curli production assembly/transport
component CsgG
Adherence,Fimbrial
VFG000464 + + + + + + secreted effector protein
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000465 + + + + + + Inositol phosphate phosphatase sopB
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000466 + + + + + + Secreted protein
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000467 + + + + + + G-nucleotide exchange factor SopE
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000469 + + + + + + Leucine-rich repeat protein
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
5
Source ID Sal 4 Sal 6 Sal 7 Sal 8 Sal 11 Sal 12 Chức năng Phân loại
VFG000470 + + + + + + SifA protein
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000471 + + + + + + Secreted effector J SseJ
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000494 + + + + + + Type III secretion protein SsaB
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000495 + + + + + +
Type III secretion outermembrane pore
forming protein (YscC,MxiD,HrcC, InvG)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000496 + + + + + + Type III secretion protein SsaD
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000497 + + + + + + Secretion system effector SsaE
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000498 + + + + + + Secretion system effector SseA
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000499 + + + + + + Type III secretion effector SseB
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000500 + + + + + + Secretion system chaparone SscA
VFG000501 + + + + + + Secretion system effector SseC
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000502 + + + + + + Secretion system effector SseD
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000503 + + + + + + Secretion system effector SseE
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000504 + + + + + + Secretion system chaparone SscB
VFG000505 + + + + + + Type III secretion effector SseF
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
6
Source ID Sal 4 Sal 6 Sal 7 Sal 8 Sal 11 Sal 12 Chức năng Phân loại
VFG000506 + + + + + + Type III secretion effector SseG
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000507 + + + + + + Type III secretion protein SsaG
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000508 + + + + + + Type III secretion protein SsaH
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000509 + + + + + + Type III secretion protein SsaI
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000510 + + + + + +
Type III secretion bridge between inner and
outermembrane lipoprotein (YscJ,HrcJ,EscJ,
PscJ)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000511 + + + + + + Type III secretion protein SsaK
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000512 + + + + + +
Type III secretion cytoplasmic protein
(YscL)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000513 + + + + + + Type III secretion protein SsaM
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000514 + + + + + +
Type III secretion inner membrane channel
protein (LcrD,HrcV,EscV,SsaV)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000515 + + + + + +
Type III secretion cytoplasmic ATP synthase
(EC 3.6.3.14, YscN,SpaL,MxiB,HrcN,EscN)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000516 + + + + + +
Type III secretion spans bacterial envelope
protein (YscO)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000517 + + + + + + Type III secretion protein (YscP)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
7
Source ID Sal 4 Sal 6 Sal 7 Sal 8 Sal 11 Sal 12 Chức năng Phân loại
VFG000518 + + + + + +
Type III secretion inner membrane protein
(YscQ,homologous to flagellar export
components)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000519 + + + + + +
Type III secretion inner membrane protein
(YscR,SpaR,HrcR,EscR,homologous to
flagellar export components)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000520 + + + + + +
Type III secretion inner membrane protein
(YscS,homologous to flagellar export
components)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000522 + + + + + +
Type III secretion inner membrane protein
(YscU,SpaS,EscU,HrcU,SsaU, homologous
to flagellar export components)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000532 + + + + + +
OrgB protein, associated with InvC ATPase
of type III secretion system
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000533 + + + + + +
Type III secretion bridge between inner and
outermembrane lipoprotein (YscJ,HrcJ,EscJ,
PscJ)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000534 + + + + + + Pathogenicity 1 island effector protein
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000535 + + + + + +
MxiH protein; Type III secretion cytoplasmic
protein (YscF)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000536 + + + + + +
MxiG protein; Pathogenicity 1 island effector
protein
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000540 + + + + + +
Type III secretion injected virulence protein
(YopH,tyrosine phosphatase of FAK and
p130cas, prevents phagocytosis)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
8
Source ID Sal 4 Sal 6 Sal 7 Sal 8 Sal 11 Sal 12 Chức năng Phân loại
VFG000541 + + + + + + Chaperone protein SicP
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000543 + + + + + +
Type III secretion injected virulence protein
(YopE)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000544 + + + + + +
Type III secretion host injection protein
(YopB); Cell invasion protein SipD
(Salmonella invasion protein D)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000545 + + + + + +
Type III secretion negative modulator of
injection (YopK,YopQ,controls size of
translocator pore); Cell invasion protein sipC
(Effector protein SipC)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000546 + + + + + + Cell invasion protein SipB
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000547 + + + + + +
Chaperone protein SicA (Salmonella invasin
chaperone)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000548 + + + + + +
Type III secretion inner membrane protein
(YscU,SpaS,EscU,HrcU,SsaU, homologous
to flagellar export components); Surface
presentation of antigens protein SpaS
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000549 + + + + + +
Surface presentation of antigens protein
SpaR; Type III secretion inner membrane
protein
(YscT,HrcT,SpaR,EscT,EpaR1,homologous
to flagellar export components)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000550 + + + + + +
Type III secretion inner membrane protein
(YscS,homologous to flagellar export
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
9
Source ID Sal 4 Sal 6 Sal 7 Sal 8 Sal 11 Sal 12 Chức năng Phân loại
components); Surface presentation of
antigens protein SpaQ
VFG000551 + + + + + +
Type III secretion inner membrane protein
(YscR,SpaR,HrcR,EscR,homologous to
flagellar export components); Surface
presentation of antigens protein SpaP
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000552 + + + + + +
Type III secretion inner membrane protein
(YscQ,homologous to flagellar export
components); Surface presentation of
antigens protein SpaO
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000553 + + + + + +
Type III secretion host injection and negative
regulator protein (YopD); Surface
presentation of antigens protein SpaN
(Invasion protein InvJ)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000554 + + + + + +
Surface presentation of antigens protein
SpaM
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000555 + + + + + +
Type III secretion cytoplasmic ATP synthase
(EC 3.6.3.14,
YscN,SpaL,MxiB,HrcN,EscN); Probable
ATP synthase SpaL (Invasion protein InvC)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000556 + + + + + +
Type III secretion system protein BsaR;
Surface presentation of antigens protein
SpaK (Invasion protein InvB)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000557 + + + + + +
Type III secretion inner membrane channel
protein (LcrD,HrcV,EscV,SsaV); Invasion
protein InvA
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
10
Source ID Sal 4 Sal 6 Sal 7 Sal 8 Sal 11 Sal 12 Chức năng Phân loại
VFG000558 + + + + + +
Type III secretion outermembrane contact
sensing protein (YopN,Yop4b,LcrE);
Invasion protein InvE
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000559 + + + + + +
Type III secretion outermembrane pore
forming protein (YscC,MxiD,HrcC, InvG);
Protein InvG precursor
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000560 + + + + + +
Type III secretion thermoregulatory protein
(LcrF,VirF,transcription regulation of
virulence plasmid)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000561 + + + + + + Invasion protein invH precursor
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system,Invasion
VFG000574 + + + + + +
Mg(2+) transport ATPase, P-type (EC
3.6.3.2)
Magnesium uptake
VFG000575 + + + + + +
Mg(2+)-transport-ATPase-associated protein
MgtC
Magnesium uptake
VFG000589 + + + + + + Pentapeptide repeat family protein
VFG000925 + + + + + +
Ferric enterobactin transport ATP-binding
protein FepC
Iron uptake,Siderophore
VFG000926 + + + + + +
Ferric enterobactin transport system
permease protein FepD
Iron uptake,Siderophore
VFG000928 + + + + + +
Ferric enterobactin transport system
permease protein FepG
Iron uptake,Siderophore
VFG000931 + + + + + +
Isochorismate synthase) [enterobactin]
siderophore @ Isochorismate synthase of
siderophore biosynthesis
Iron uptake,Siderophore
11
Source ID Sal 4 Sal 6 Sal 7 Sal 8 Sal 11 Sal 12 Chức năng Phân loại
VFG000933 + + + + + +
Isochorismatase [enterobactin] siderophore /
Apo-aryl carrier domain of EntB @
Isochorismatase of siderophore biosynthesis
Iron uptake,Siderophore
VFG000934 + + + + + +
2,3-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzoate
dehydrogenase [enterobactin] siderophore @
2,3-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzoate
dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.1.28) of siderophore
biosynthesis
Iron uptake,Siderophore
VFG000935 + + + + + + Outer Membrane Siderophore Receptor IroN
Iron uptake,Siderophore
receptor
VFG001443 + + + + + + Outer membrane protein A precursor Invasion,Serum resistance
VFG002302 + + + + + + Transcriptional regulator
Resistance to antimicrobial
peptides
VFG002304 + + + + + + autotransporter
Adherence,Nonfimbrial,Au
totransporter
VFG002305 + + + + + + AIDA autotransporter-like protein
Adherence,Nonfimbrial,Au
totransporter
VFG002306 + + + + + + Putative outer membrane protein Adherence,Nonfimbrial
VFG002307 + + + + + +
adherence and invasion outermembrane
protein (Inv,enhances Peyer's patches
colonization)
Adherence,Nonfimbrial
VFG002319 + + + + + +
RNA polymerase sigma factor for flagellar
operon
Secretion
system,Invasion,Motility
VFG002329 + + + + + + Flagellar motor switch protein FliG
Secretion
system,Invasion,Motility
VFG002335 + + + + + + Flagellar motor switch protein FliM
Secretion
system,Invasion,Motility
12
Source ID Sal 4 Sal 6 Sal 7 Sal 8 Sal 11 Sal 12 Chức năng Phân loại
VFG002338 + + + + + + Flagellar biosynthesis protein FliP
Secretion
system,Invasion,Motility
VFG002345 + + + + + + Flagellar L-ring protein FlgH
Secretion
system,Invasion,Motility
VFG002346 + + + + + + Flagellar basal-body rod protein FlgG
Secretion
system,Invasion,Motility
VFG002350 + + + + + + Flagellar basal-body rod protein FlgC
Secretion
system,Invasion,Motility
VFG003635 + + + + + +
Putative effector protein OrgC of SPI-1 type
III secretion system
unknown
VFG003645 + + + + + + Oxygen-regulated invasion protein OrgA unknown
VFG003977 + + + + + + Deubiquitinating protease ElaD unknown
VFG003988 + + + + + + secreted effector protein unknown
VFG004125 + + + + + +
Transcriptional regulator CsgD for 2nd curli
operon
unknown
VFG012513 + + + + + + Glycosyltransferase IroB unknown
VFG013418 + + + + + +
D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate isomerase (EC
5.3.1.28)
unknown
VFG013465 + + + + + +
2-Keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate-8-
phosphate synthase (EC 2.5.1.55)
unknown
VFG042066 + + + + + + Putative inner membrane protein unknown
VFG042067 + + + + + + hypothetical protein unknown
VFG043206 + + + + + +
Chemotaxis regulator - transmits
chemoreceptor signals to flagellar motor
components CheY
unknown
VFG043210 + + + + + +
Positive regulator of CheA protein activity
(CheW)
unknown
13
Source ID Sal 4 Sal 6 Sal 7 Sal 8 Sal 11 Sal 12 Chức năng Phân loại
VFG043213 + + + + + + Flagellar motor rotation protein MotA unknown
VFG044165 + + + + + + Enterobactin exporter EntS unknown
VFG000521 + + - - + +
Type III secretion inner membrane protein
(YscT,HrcT,SpaR,EscT,EpaR1,homologous
to flagellar export components)
Secretion system,Type III
secretion system
VFG000670 + + + + + + Bactoprenol glucosyl transferase Endotoxin
VFG000932 + - + + + +
2,3-dihydroxybenzoate-AMP ligase (EC
2.7.7.58) [enterobactin] siderophore @ 2,3-
dihydroxybenzoate-AMP ligase (EC
2.7.7.58) of siderophore biosynthesis
Iron uptake,Siderophore
VFG002321 + - + - - - Flagellin FliC
Secretion
system,Invasion,Motility
VFG003982 + + - + + + hypothetical protein unknown
VFG003997 + + - + + + hypothetical protein unknown
VFG020318 + - + - - -
Cytolethal distending toxin subunit B, DNase
I-like
Toxin,Intracellular
toxin,DNaseI
VFG042068 + + - + + + hypothetical protein unknown
VFG000468 - + - + + + - unknown
VFG000529 - + + + + + - unknown
VFG000669 - + - - - - - unknown
VFG004016 - + + + + + - unknown
VFG042216 - + + - - - - unknown
VFG042552 - - + - - - - unknown
VFG042553 - - + - - - - unknown
VFG042559 - - + - - - - unknown
VFG043209 - - + + + + - unknown
VFG000452 - - - + + + - Adherence,Fimbrial
14
Source ID Sal 4 Sal 6 Sal 7 Sal 8 Sal 11 Sal 12 Chức năng Phân loại
VFG000453 - - - + + + - Adherence,Fimbrial
VFG000454 - - - + + + - Adherence,Fimbrial
VFG000455 - - - + + + - Adherence,Fimbrial
VFG000456 - - - + + + - Adherence,Fimbrial
VFG000463 - - - + + + - Stress protein
VFG003971 - - - + + + - unknown
VFG004006 - - - - + + - unknown
Chú thích: +(gen có biểu hiện), -(gen không biểu hiện), Sal 4 (S. Indiana), Sal 6 (S. Derby), Sal 7 (S. Give), Sal 8 (S. Typhimurium
S360), Sal 11 (S. Typhimurium S384), Sal 12 (S. Typhimurium S181).
Phụ lục 3. Biểu hiện của các gen liên quan đến flagellar
Tên gen Phân loại Chức năng protein
flgA Flagellar Flagella basal body P-ring formation protein flgA
flgB Flagellar Flagellar basal-body rod protein flgB
flgC Flagellar Flagellar basal-body rod protein flgC
flgE Flagellar Flagellar hook protein flgE
flgF Flagellar Flagellar basal-body rod protein flgF
flgG Flagellar Flagellar basal-body rod protein flgG
flgH Flagellar Flagellar L-ring protein
flgI Flagellar Flagellar P-ring protein
flgK Flagellar Flagellar hook-associated protein 1
flgL Flagellar Flagellar hook-associated protein 3
flgN Flagellar Flagella synthesis protein flgN
flhA Flagellar Flagellar biosynthesis protein flhA
15
Tên gen Phân loại Chức năng protein
flhB Flagellar Flagellar biosynthetic protein flhB
flhC Flagellar Flagellar transcriptional regulator FlhC
flhD Flagellar Flagellar transcriptional regulator FlhD
flhE Flagellar Flagellar protein flhE
fliC Flagellar Flagellin
fliD Flagellar Flagellar hook-associated protein 2
fliE Flagellar Flagellar hook-basal body complex protein FliE
fliF Flagellar Flagellar M-ring protein
fliG Flagellar Flagellar motor switch protein FliG
fliH Flagellar Flagellar assembly protein fliH
fliI Flagellar Flagellum-specific ATP synthase
fliJ Flagellar Flagellar fliJ protein
fliK Flagellar Flagellar hook-length control protein
fliL Flagellar Flagellar protein FliL
fliM Flagellar Flagellar motor switch protein FliM
fliN Flagellar Flagellar motor switch protein FliN
fliO Flagellar Flagellar protein fliO
fliP Flagellar Flagellar biosynthetic protein fliP
fliQ Flagellar Flagellar biosynthetic protein FliQ
fliR Flagellar Flagellar biosynthetic protein fliR
fliS Flagellar Flagellar protein fliS
fliT Flagellar Flagellar protein FliT
flk Flagellar Flagellar regulator flk
ycgR Flagellar Flagellar brake protein YcgR
motA Flagellar Motility protein A
motB Flagellar Motility protein B
16
Phụ lục 4. Các gen tổng hợp LPS và thành tế bào
Phân loại Chức năng protein 12 11 8 7 6 4
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase + + + + + +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides Glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase + + + - + +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase + + + + + +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase + + + + + +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides Glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase + + + + + +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides Putative capsular polysaccharide transport protein YegH + + + - + +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides O-antigen flippase Wzx + + + - + +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides Oligosaccharide repeat unit polymerase Wzy + + + - + +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides UDP-glucose 4-epimerase + + + + + +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides N-acetylneuraminate lyase + + + + - +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides Glucosamine-1-phosphate N-acetyltransferase + + + + + +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides Transcriptional regulator NanR + + + + - +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides Sialic acid transporter (permease) NanT + + + + - +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides Glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase + + + + - +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides Predicted sialic acid transporter + + + + - +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase + + + + - +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides
Putative sugar isomerase involved in processing of exogenous sialic
acid
+ + + + - +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides N-acetylmannosamine kinase + + + + - +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides N-acetylmannosamine-6-phosphate 2-epimerase + + + + - +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides N-acetylneuraminic acid outer membrane channel protein NanC + + + + - +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides Phosphoglucosamine mutase + + + + + +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate uridyltransferase + + + + + +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase + + + + - +
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides
CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-beta-galactosamide-alpha-2,3-
sialyltransferase
- - - + - +
17
Phân loại Chức năng protein 12 11 8 7 6 4
Capsular and extracellular polysacchrides Sialic acid utilization regulator, RpiR family + + + + - +
Gram-Negative cell wall components
UDP-glucuronic acid oxidase (UDP-4-keto-hexauronic acid
decarboxylating)
+ + + + + +
Gram-Negative cell wall components UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose formyltransferase + + + + + +
Gram-Negative cell wall components Polymyxin resistance protein PmrG + + + + + +
Gram-Negative cell wall components UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase + + + + + +
Gram-Negative cell wall components Protein of unknown function YceH + + + + + +
Gram-Negative cell wall components Virulence factor MviM + + + + + +
Gram-Negative cell wall components Proposed peptidoglycan lipid II flippase MurJ + + + + + +
Gram-Negative cell wall components Protein YhjJ, putative peptidase + + + + + +
Gram-Negative cell wall components LysR family transcriptional regulator YhjC + + + + + +
Gram-Negative cell wall components Inner membrane protein YhjD + + + + + +
Gram-Negative cell wall components Uncharacterized protein YhjG + + + + + +
Gram-Negative cell wall components Lipoprotein releasing system transmembrane protein LolC + + + + + +
Gram-Negative cell wall components Lipoprotein releasing system transmembrane protein LolE + + + + + +
Gram-Negative cell wall components Outer membrane lipoprotein carrier protein LolA + + + + + +
Cell Wall and Capsule - no subcategory N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase + + + + + +
Cell Wall and Capsule - no subcategory D-alanyl-D-alanine carboxypeptidase + + + + + +
Cell Wall and Capsule - no subcategory Soluble lytic murein transglycosylase precursor + + + + + +
Cell Wall and Capsule - no subcategory Muramoyltetrapeptide carboxypeptidase + + + + + +
Cell Wall and Capsule - no subcategory UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase + + + + + +
Cell Wall and Capsule - no subcategory L,D-transpeptidase YcfS + + + + + +
Cell Wall and Capsule - no subcategory L,D-transpeptidase YnhG + + + + + +
Cell Wall and Capsule - no subcategory L,D-transpeptidase YcbB + + + + + +
Cell Wall and Capsule - no subcategory L,D-transpeptidase YbiS + + + + + +
Cell Wall and Capsule - no subcategory L,D-transpeptidase ErfK + + + + + +
18
Phân loại Chức năng protein 12 11 8 7 6 4
Cell Wall and Capsule - no subcategory
UDP-N-acetylmuramate:L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-meso-
diaminopimelate ligase
+ + + + + +
Cell Wall and Capsule - no subcategory Gamma-D-Glutamyl-meso-Diaminopimelate Amidase + + + + + +
Cell Wall and Capsule - no subcategory AmpG permease + + + + + +
Cell Wall and Capsule - no subcategory Membrane-bound lytic murein transglycosylase D precursor - - + - - -
Chú thích: +(gen có biểu hiện), -(gen không biểu hiện)
12 (Sal 12), 11 (Sal 11), 8 (Sal 8), 7 (Sal 7), 6 (Sal 6), 4 (Sal 4).
Phụ lục 5. Các gen liên quan đến các yếu tố di truyền vận động, phage, và prophage.
Tên gen Phân loại Chức năng các gen Sal 12 Sal 11 Sal 8 Sal 7 Sal 6 Sal 4
- Phage tail proteins Phage tail tube protein + + - + + -
- Phage tail proteins Phage tail assembly protein I + + + - - -
- Phage tail proteins Phage tail/DNA circulation protein + + - + + -
- Phage tail proteins Phage tail length tape-measure protein 1 + + + - - -
- Phage tail proteins Phage minor tail protein + + + - - +
- Phage tail proteins Phage tail length tape-measure protein + + + + +
- Phage tail proteins Phage tail assembly protein + + + - - -
- Phage replication DNA polymerase III alpha subunit + + + - + +
- Phage replication Phage replication protein + + + - + +
- Phage packaging machinery Phage terminase, small subunit + + - + + -
- Phage packaging machinery Phage terminase, ATPase subunit + + - + + -
- Phage packaging machinery Phage terminase, large subunit + + - + + +
- Phage packaging machinery Phage portal protein + + + + + +
- Phage packaging machinery Phage DNA-binding protein + + - + + -
- Phage tail proteins 2 Phage tail assembly protein I + + + - - -
- Phage tail proteins 2 Phage tail length tape-measure protein 1 + + + - - -
19
Tên gen Phân loại Chức năng các gen Sal 12 Sal 11 Sal 8 Sal 7 Sal 6 Sal 4
- Phage tail proteins 2 Phage minor tail protein + + + - - +
- Phage tail proteins 2 Phage tail length tape-measure protein + + + + + -
- Phage tail proteins 2 Phage tail assembly protein + + + - - -
- Phage tail fiber proteins Phage tail fiber protein + + + + + +
- Phage tail fiber proteins Phage tail fibers + + + + + -
- Phage tail fiber proteins Phage tail fiber assembly protein + + + + -
- Phage capsid proteins Phage capsid and scaffold + + - + - -
- Phage capsid proteins Phage major capsid protein + + + + + +
- IbrA and IbrB: co-activators of
prophage gene expression
Co-activator of prophage gene expression
IbrB
+ + + + + +
- IbrA and IbrB: co-activators of
prophage gene expression
Co-activator of prophage gene expression
IbrA
+ + + + + +
- Integrons Integron integrase IntI4 - - + + - -
- Integrons Integron integrase IntI1 - - + + - +
- Phage tail proteins Phage tail protein - - + + - -
- Phage tail proteins Phage tail assembly protein - - + - - -
- Phage packaging machinery Phage-related capsid packaging protein - - + - - -
- Phage packaging machinery Phage terminase, endonuclease subunit - - + + + +
- Phage capsid proteins Phage capsid scaffolding protein - - - + + -
- Phage lysis modules Phage endolysin - - - + + -
- Phage lysis modules Phage holin - - - + + -
- Phage capsid proteins Phage head completion-stabilization protein - - - - + -
- Phage lysis modules Phage outer membrane lipoprotein Rz1 - - - - + -
- Phage lysis modules Phage spanin Rz - - - - + -
- Phage tail proteins Phage tail completion protein - - + - - -
- Phage packaging machinery Phage terminase - - + - - -
20
Chú thích: + (gen có biểu hiện), - (gen không biểu hiện), Sal 4 (S. Indiana), Sal 6 (S. Derby), Sal 7 (S. Give), Sal 8 (S. Typhimurium
S360), Sal 11 (S. Typhimurium S384), Sal 12 (S. Typhimurium S181).
Phụ lục 6. Các gen liên quan đến tác động bất lợi của môi trường biểu hiện ở cả 6 mẫu nghiên cứu.
Phân loại Subsystem Chức năng
Osmotic stress Osmoregulation Outer membrane protein A precursor
Osmotic stress Osmoregulation Propanediol diffusion facilitator
Osmotic stress Osmoregulation Osmotically inducible protein OsmY
Osmotic stress Osmoregulation Glycerol uptake facilitator protein
Osmotic stress
Osmoprotectant ABC transporter YehZYXW of
Enterobacteriales
Osmoprotectant ABC transporter permease protein YehY
Osmotic stress
Osmoprotectant ABC transporter YehZYXW of
Enterobacteriales
Osmoprotectant ABC transporter inner membrane protein YehW
Osmotic stress
Osmoprotectant ABC transporter YehZYXW of
Enterobacteriales
Osmoprotectant ABC transporter binding protein YehZ
Osmotic stress
Osmoprotectant ABC transporter YehZYXW of
Enterobacteriales
Osmoprotectant ABC transporter ATP-binding subunit YehX
Osmotic stress Synthesis of osmoregulated periplasmic glucans Glucans biosynthesis protein C (EC 2.1.-.-)
Osmotic stress Synthesis of osmoregulated periplasmic glucans Glucans biosynthesis protein D precursor
Osmotic stress Synthesis of osmoregulated periplasmic glucans Glucans biosynthesis glucosyltransferase H (EC 2.4.1.-)
Osmotic stress Synthesis of osmoregulated periplasmic glucans Glucans biosynthesis protein G precursor
Oxidative stress Protection from Reactive Oxygen Species Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] precursor (EC 1.15.1.1)
Oxidative stress Protection from Reactive Oxygen Species Cytochrome c551 peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.5)
Oxidative stress Protection from Reactive Oxygen Species Superoxide dismutase [Fe] (EC 1.15.1.1)
Oxidative stress Oxidative stress Redox-sensitive transcriptional activator SoxR
Oxidative stress Oxidative stress Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunit C-like protein
Oxidative stress Oxidative stress Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] precursor (EC 1.15.1.1)
21
Phân loại Subsystem Chức năng
Oxidative stress Oxidative stress Paraquat-inducible protein B
Oxidative stress Oxidative stress Superoxide dismutase [Fe] (EC 1.15.1.1)
Oxidative stress Oxidative stress Ferric uptake regulation protein FUR
Oxidative stress Oxidative stress Superoxide dismutase [Mn] (EC 1.15.1.1)
Oxidative stress Oxidative stress Nitrite-sensitive transcriptional repressor NsrR
Oxidative stress Oxidative stress Paraquat-inducible protein A
Oxidative stress Oxidative stress Fumarate and nitrate reduction regulatory protein
Oxidative stress
Glutathione: Biosynthesis and gamma-glutamyl
cycle
Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (EC 2.3.2.2)
Oxidative stress
Glutathione: Biosynthesis and gamma-glutamyl
cycle
Glutathione synthetase (EC 6.3.2.3)
Oxidative stress
Glutathione: Biosynthesis and gamma-glutamyl
cycle
Glutamate--cysteine ligase (EC 6.3.2.2)
Oxidative stress Glutathione: Non-redox reactions Glutathione S-transferase, zeta (EC 2.5.1.18)
Oxidative stress Glutathione: Non-redox reactions Glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18)
Oxidative stress Glutathione: Non-redox reactions Uncharacterized glutathione S-transferase-like protein
Oxidative stress Glutathione: Non-redox reactions Lactoylglutathione lyase (EC 4.4.1.5)
Oxidative stress Glutathione: Non-redox reactions FIG005121: SAM-dependent methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.-)
Oxidative stress Glutathione: Non-redox reactions Glutathione S-transferase, omega (EC 2.5.1.18)
Oxidative stress Glutathione: Non-redox reactions
Uncharacterized GST-like protein yghU associated with
glutathionylspermidine synthetase/amidase
Oxidative stress Glutathione: Non-redox reactions Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase (EC 3.1.2.6)
Oxidative stress Glutathione: Non-redox reactions Probable glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18), YfcF homolog
Oxidative stress Glutathione: Non-redox reactions Probable glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18), YfcG homolog
Oxidative stress Glutathione: Redox cycle Glutathione reductase (EC 1.8.1.7)
Oxidative stress Glutathione: Redox cycle
Glutaredoxin-like protein NrdH, required for reduction of
Ribonucleotide reductase class Ib
22
Phân loại Subsystem Chức năng
Oxidative stress Glutathione: Redox cycle Glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9)
Oxidative stress Glutathione: Redox cycle Glutaredoxin 3 (Grx3)
Oxidative stress Glutathione: Redox cycle Glutaredoxin 1
Oxidative stress Glutathione: Redox cycle Glutaredoxin 2
Oxidative stress Glutaredoxins
Glutaredoxin-like protein NrdH, required for reduction of
Ribonucleotide reductase class Ib
Oxidative stress Glutaredoxins Glutaredoxin 3 (Grx3)
Oxidative stress Glutaredoxins Glutaredoxin 1
Oxidative stress Glutaredoxins Glutaredoxin 2
Oxidative stress* Glutaredoxins* Cell wall endopeptidase, family M23/M37*
Oxidative stress Glutathionylspermidine and Trypanothione Glutathionylspermidine amidohydrolase (EC 3.5.1.78)
Oxidative stress Glutathionylspermidine and Trypanothione
Uncharacterized GST-like protein yghU associated with
glutathionylspermidine synthetase/amidase
Oxidative stress Glutathionylspermidine and Trypanothione Glutathionylspermidine synthase (EC 6.3.1.8)
Detoxification Uptake of selenate and selenite
Sulfate and thiosulfate import ATP-binding protein CysA (EC
3.6.3.25)
Detoxification Uptake of selenate and selenite DedA protein
Detoxification Tellurite resistance: Chromosomal determinants
Uncharacterized membrane lipoprotein clustered with tellurite
resistance proteins TehA/TehB
Detoxification Tellurite resistance: Chromosomal determinants
FIG005189: putative transferase clustered with tellurite resistance
proteins TehA/TehB
Detoxification Tellurite resistance: Chromosomal determinants Tellurite resistance protein TehA
Detoxification
Glutathione-dependent pathway of formaldehyde
detoxification
S-formylglutathione hydrolase (EC 3.1.2.12)
Detoxification
Glutathione-dependent pathway of formaldehyde
detoxification
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.284)
23
Phân loại Subsystem Chức năng
Periplasmic
Stress
Periplasmic Stress Response Sigma factor RpoE negative regulatory protein RseA
Periplasmic
Stress
Periplasmic Stress Response Outer membrane stress sensor protease DegS
Periplasmic
Stress
Periplasmic Stress Response Outer membrane protein H precursor
Periplasmic
Stress
Periplasmic Stress Response
Intramembrane protease RasP/YluC, implicated in cell division
based on FtsL cleavage
Periplasmic
Stress
Periplasmic Stress Response Sigma factor RpoE negative regulatory protein RseB precursor
Periplasmic
Stress
Periplasmic Stress Response Outer membrane stress sensor protease DegQ, serine protease
Periplasmic
Stress
Periplasmic Stress Response HtrA protease/chaperone protein
Ghi chú: * Gen không biểu hiện ở Sal 6.