Trên cơ sở các kết quả nghiên cứu của luận án, có thể rút ra các kết luận như sau:
1. Đã tổng hợp thành công hệ vật liệu lưỡng chức năng HP-XT trên cơ sở
CuO
x và than hoạt tính Trà Bắc với hàm lượng Cu thay đổi từ 1 đến 8% . Các kết
quả phân tích đặc trưng hóa lý dựa trên các phép đo BET chỉ ra:vật liệu CuOx /AC
có cấu trúc vi mao quản phát triển (Smic ~97%SBET), có diện tích bề mặt riêng lớn
(~1112 m2/g), TEM, HR-TEM, TPR-H2 và hấp phụ hóa học N2O đã chỉ ra: Các cụm
tâm oxit CuO
x trong đó Cu ở trạng thái oxi hóa Cu2+, phân tán đều đặn cả trong mao
quản và trên bề mặt ngoài của than với độ phân tán ~7,71% , diện tích bề mặt tiếp
xúc ~ 3,33 m2 trên 1 g xúc tác và kích thước trung bình của các cụm tâm hoạt động
~13,49 nm. Phân tích XPS cho thấy Cu ở trạng thái oxi hóa Cu2+, không có sự
tương tác bề mặt và tương tác pha giữa Cu với AC. AC có chứa các liên kết chính
là C–C, C=C, C=O, C–OH và C–H.
2. Bằng phương pháp hấp phụ động đã nghiên cứu cân bằng hấp phụ và động
học hấp phụ của m-xylen trên than hoạt tính. Kết quả cho thấy: sự hấp phụ m-xylen
trên AC phù hợp với lý thuyết hấp phụ lấp đầy vi mao quản của DubininRaduskevich.
Việc tuân theo các mô hình ba thông số Dubinin-Astakhov và
Langmuir-Freundlich của cân bằng hấp phụ chỉ ra sự không đồng nhất về năng
lượng giữa các tâm hấp phụ. Trong mao quản lực hấp phụ chủ yếu là lực Van der
Wall, ở bề mặt ngoài, tương tác xếp chồng π-π chiếm ưu thế. Nhiệt hấp phụ đẳng
lượng Qst được xác định nằm trong khoảng (51÷59 kJ/mol) và tăng theo lượng mxylen bị hấp phụ (0,3÷1,4 mmol/g) chứng minh ái lực của AC đối với m-xylen. Sự
có mặt của CuO hầu như không làm thay đổi tính chất hấp phụ m-xylen của than
hoạt tính
169 trang |
Chia sẻ: tueminh09 | Ngày: 24/01/2022 | Lượt xem: 661 | Lượt tải: 0
Bạn đang xem trước 20 trang tài liệu Luận án Nghiên cứu chế tạo vật liệu lưỡng chức năng hấp phụ - Xúc tác trên cơ sở oxit đồng và than hoạt tính để xử lý các chất ô nhiễm hữu cơ dễ bay hơi, để xem tài liệu hoàn chỉnh bạn click vào nút DOWNLOAD ở trên
ải các động cơ đốt
trong", Proceeding hội nghị Xúc tác-Hấp phu toàn quốc lần thứ 2, pp. 325-
334.
[23] AB1 Jusoh et al. (2002), "Model studies on granular activated carbon
adsorption in fixed bed filtration", Water Sci Technol. 46 (9), pp. 127-135.
[24] Abdolmohammad-Zadeh Hossein et al. (2012), "Determination of Iodate in
Food, Environmental, and Biological Samples after Solid-Phase Extraction
with Ni-Al-Zr Ternary Layered Double Hydroxide as a Nanosorbent", The
ScientificWorld Journal. 2012, pp. 1-8.
[25] Acevedo Beatriz et al. (2015), "Texture and surface chemistry of activated
carbons obtained from tyre wastes", Fuel Processing Technology. 134, pp.
275-283.
[26] Aguilera Daniel Antonio et al. (2011), "Cu–Mn and Co–Mn catalysts
synthesized from hydrotalcites and their use in the oxidation of VOCs",
Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 104, pp. 144-150.
[27] Asgari et al. (2013), "Synthesis and physicochemical characterization of
nanostructured Pd/ceria‐clinoptilolite catalyst used for p‐xylene abatement
from waste gas streams at low temperature", Journal chemical Technology
Biotechnol. 88, pp. 690-703.
103
[28] Balcaen V. et al. (2010), "TAP study on the active oxygen species in the total
oxidation of propane over a CuO–CeO2/γ-Al2O3 catalyst", Catalysis today.
157 (1), pp. 49-54.
[29] Bansal Roop Chand et al. (2005), Activated Carbon Adsorption, Taylor &
Francis.
[30] Billo E. Joseph (1997), Excel for Chemists - A comprehensive Guide, Wiley-
VCH.
[31] Biniak S. et al. (1997), "The characterization of activated carbons with
oxygen and nitrogen surface groups", Carbon. 35 (12), pp. 1799-1810.
[32] Campesi M. Agustina et al. (2011), "Combustion of volatile organic
compounds on a MnCu catalyst: A kinetic study", Catalysis today. 176, pp.
225-228.
[33] Crist B. Vincent (2000), Handbook of monochromatic xps spectra: The
elements of native oxides, Wiley.
[34] Chang Yu-Neng (2011), "Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Analysis of
Copper Oxide Thin Films Prepared by Metal Organic Chemical Vapor
Deposition (MOCVD)", MRS Proceedings. 293.
[35] Chi-Sheng Wu Jeffrey et al. (1998), "VOC deep oxidation over Pt catalysts
using hydrophobic supports", Catalysis today. 44 (1–4), pp. 111-118.
[36] Chinchen G. C. et al. (1987), "The measurement of copper surface areas by
reactive frontal chromatography", Journal of Catalysis. 103 (1), pp. 79-86.
[37] Do Duong D. (1998), ADSORPTION ANALYSIS: EQUILIBRIA AND
KINETICS, Series on Chemical Engineering, Vol. Vol2, Imperial College
Press.
[38] Dubinin M. M. et al. (1970), "Description of adsorption equilibria of vapors
on zeolites over wide ranges of temperature and pressure", Adv. Chem. Ser.
102, pp. 69–85.
[39] Dwivedi P. et al. (2004), "Comparative study of removal of volatile organic
compounds by cryogenic condensation and adsorption by activated carbon
fiber", Separation and Purification Technology. 39 (1–2), pp. 23-37.
[40] E Furinky (2008), Carbon and Carbon-supported catalysts in
hydroprocessing, RSCP Publishing.
[41] Eckenfelder William Wesley (1989), Industrial Water Pollution Control, Ed.
Mc Graw Hill Co. Inc. New York.
[42] Fonseca Juliana da Silva Lima et al. (2012), "Cooperative effect between
copper and gold on ceria for CO-PROX reaction", Catalysis today. 180 (1),
pp. 34-41.
[43] Foo K.Y. et al. (2010), "Insights into the modeling of adsorption isotherm
systems", Chemical Engineering Journal. 156, pp. 2-10.
104
[44] G.Q.Lu et al. (2004), Nanoporous Materials Science and Engineering, Vol.
4, Imperial College Press, London, pp. 772-800.
[45] Gaur Vivekanand et al. (2005), "Catalytic oxidation of toluene and m-xylene
by activated carbon fiber impregnated with transition metals", Carbon. 43,
pp. 3041-3053.
[46] Greene Howard et al. (1996), "Energy efficient dual-function sorbent/catalyst
media for chlorinated VOC destruction", Catalysis today. 27 (1), pp. 289-
296.
[47] Guillemot M. et al. (2007), "Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) removal
over dual functional adsorbent/catalyst system", Applied Catalysis B:
Environmental. 75 (3–4), pp. 249-255.
[48] Guisnet M. et al. (1999), "Catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds
1. Oxidation of xylene over a 0.2 wt% Pd/HFAU(17) catalyst", Applied
Catalysis B: Environmental. 20 (1), pp. 1-13.
[49] Heynderickx M. Philippe et al. (2010), "Kinetic modeling of the total
oxidation of propane over CuO-CeO2/g-Al2O3", Applied Catalysis B:
Environmental. 95, pp. 26-38.
[50] Hong Seong-Soo et al. (2003), "Catalytic combustion of benzene over
supported metal oxides catalysts", Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering.
20 (3), pp. 440-444.
[51] Hu Chaoquan (2010), "Enhanced catalytic activity and stability of
Cu0.13Ce0.87Oy catalyst for acetone combustion: Effect of calcination
temperature", Chemical Engineering Journal. 159 (1–3), pp. 129-137.
[52] Hu Chaoquan et al. (2009), "Catalytic combustion of dilute acetone over Cu-
doped ceria catalysts", Chemical Engineering Journal. 152 (2–3), pp. 583-
590.
[53] Huang Shaoyong et al. (2008), "Complete oxidation of o-xylene over
Pd/Al2O3 catalyst at low temperature", Catalysis today. 139 (1–2), pp. 15-
23.
[54] I.Masel Richard (2001), Chemiscal Kinetics and Catalysis, Wiley -
Interscience.
[55] Jaramillo Josefa et al. (2010), "Oxidation of activated carbon by dry and wet
methods: Surface chemistry and textural modifications", Fuel Processing
Technology. 91 (11), pp. 1768-1775.
[56] Joung Hea-Jung et al. (2014), "Catalytic oxidation of VOCs over CNT-
supported platinum nanoparticles", Applied Surface Science. 290, pp. 267-
273.
[57] K. Muhammad S. et al. (2016), "Catalytic oxidation of volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) – A review", Atmospheric Environment. 140, pp. 117–
134.
105
[58] Kim Ki-Joong et al. (2006), "Adsorption–desorption characteristics of VOCs
over impregnated activated carbons", Catalysis today. 111 (3–4), pp. 223-
228.
[59] Kim S. C. et al. (2008), "Complete oxidation of volatile organic compounds
over Ce/Cu/γ‐Al2O3 catalyst", Environmental Technology. 29 (5), pp. 535-
542.
[60] Kim Sang Chai (2002), "The catalytic oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons
over supported metal oxide", Journal of Hazardous Materials. 91 (1–3), pp.
285-299.
[61] Kolade Mary A. et al. (2009), "Adsorptive reactor technology for VOC
abatement", Chemical Engineering Science. 64 (6), pp. 1167-1177.
[62] Ladera Rosa et al. (2013), "Catalytic valorization of CO2 via methanol
synthesis with Ga-promoted Cu–ZnO–ZrO2 catalysts", Applied Catalysis B:
Environmental. 142–143, pp. 241-248.
[63] Lee Gwang-Ho et al. (2002), "Catalytic combustion of benzene over copper
oxide supported on TiO2 preprared by Sol – gel method", J.Ind.Chem. 8 (6).
[64] Li Lin et al. (2011), "Surface modification of coconut shell based activated
carbon for the improvement of hydrophobic VOC removal", Journal of
Hazardous Materials. 192 (2), pp. 683-690.
[65] Li Yue et al. (2000), "Low-temperature water-gas shift reaction over Cu- and
Ni-loaded cerium oxide catalysts", Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 27,
pp. 179-191.
[66] Lillo-Ródenas M. A. et al. (2005), "Behaviour of activated carbons with
different pore size distributions and surface oxygen groups for benzene and
toluene adsorption at low concentrations", Carbon. 43 (8), pp. 1758-1767.
[67] Liotta Leonarda (2010), "Catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds
on supported noble metals", Applied Catalysis B Environmental. 100 (3), pp.
403-412.
[68] Liou Rey-May et al. (2009), "CuO impregnated activated carbon for catalytic
wet peroxide oxidation of phenol", Journal of Hazardous Materials. 172, pp.
498-506.
[69] Liu Jian et al. (2011), "Adsorption dynamics of toluene in composite bed
with microfibrous entrapped activated carbon", Chemical Engineering
Journal. 173 (2), pp. 456-462.
[70] Lu Chi-Yuan et al. (2007), "Simultaneous removal of VOC and NO by
activated carbon impregnated with transition metal catalysts in combustion
flue gas", Fuel Processing Technology. 88, pp. 557-567.
[71] Mahalakshmy R et al. (2009), "Surface functionalities of nitric acid treated
carbon-A density functional theory based vibrational analysis", Indian
Journal of Chemistry. 48A, pp. 352-356.
106
[72] Marsh Harry et al. (2006), Activated carbon, Elsevier Science & Technology
Books
[73] Moreno-Castilla C. et al. (2000), "Changes in surface chemistry of activated
carbons by wet oxidation", Carbon. 38 (14), pp. 1995-2001.
[74] Niemantsverdriet J. W. (2007), Spectroscopy in Catalysis, Wiley-WCH.
[75] O. Levenspiel (1972), Chemical Reaction Engineering, 2, Jonh Wiley &
Sons, NewYork, USA.
[76] Ordóñez Salvador et al. (2002), "Kinetics of the deep oxidation of benzene,
toluene, n-hexane and their binary mixtures over a platinum on γ-alumina
catalyst", Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 38 (2), pp. 139-149.
[77] Pakuła M. et al. (2005), "Voltammetric and FT-IR studies of modified
activated carbon systems with phenol, 4-chlorophenol or 1,4-benzoquinone
adsorbed from aqueous electrolyte solutions", Colloids and Surfaces A:
Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 260 (1–3), pp. 145-155.
[78] Patterson Michael J. et al. (2000), "The effect of carbon monoxide on the
oxidation of four C6 to C8 hydrocarbons over platinum, palladium and
rhodium", Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 26 (1), pp. 47-57.
[79] Pérez-Cadenas Agustín F. et al. (2006), "Pd and Pt catalysts supported on
carbon-coated monoliths for low-temperature combustion of xylenes",
Carbon. 44 (12), pp. 2463-2468.
[80] Priyanka et al. (2014), "Catalytic oxidation of nitrobenzene by copper loaded
activated carbon", Separation and Purification Technology. 125, pp. 284-
290.
[81] Puziy Alexander M. et al. (2007), "Oxygen and phosphorus enriched carbons
from lignocellulosic material", Carbon. 45, pp. 1941-1950.
[82] R. Balzer et al. (2014), "Catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds
(n-hexane, benzene, toluene, o-xylene) promoted by cobalt catalysts
supported on γ-Al2O3-CeO2", Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering.
31 (03), pp. 757-769.
[83] Ramos M. E. et al. (2010), "Adsorption of volatile organic compounds onto
activated carbon cloths derived from a novel regenerated cellulosic
precursor", Journal of Hazardous Materials. 177 (1–3), pp. 175-182.
[84] Rase Howard F. (1990), Fixed-Bed Reactor Design and Diagnostics,
Elsevier.
[85] Rouquérol J. et al. (1994), "Recommendations for the characterization of
porous solids", Pure&Appl.Chem. 66, pp. 1739.
[86] Ruthveen Douglas M. (1984), Principles of adsorption and adsorption
processes, John Wiley & Sons.
107
[87] Saka Cafer (2012), "BET, TG–DTG, FT-IR, SEM, iodine number analysis
and preparation of activated carbon from acorn shell by chemical activation
with ZnCl2", Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis. 95, pp. 21-24.
[88] Saqer Saleh M. et al. (2011), "Catalytic oxidation of toluene over binary
mixtures of copper, manganese and cerium oxides supported on γ-Al2O3",
Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 103 (3–4), pp. 275-286.
[89] Scott Raymond P. W. (2003), Principles and practice of chromatography,
Chrom-Ed Book Series, Libraryforscience.
[90] Shim Wang Geun et al. (2010), "Heterogeneous adsorption and catalytic
oxidation of benzene, toluene and xylene over spent and chemically
regenerated platinum catalyst supported on activated carbon", Applied
Surface Science. 256, pp. 5566–5571.
[91] Shiue Angus et al. (2010), "Vapor adsorption characteristics of toluene in an
activated carbon adsorbent-loaded nonwoven fabric media for chemical
filters applied to cleanrooms", Building and Environment. 45 (10), pp. 2123-
2131.
[92] Sing K.S.W. et al. (1985), "Physisorption Data for Gas/Solid Systems, with
Special Reference to the Determination of Surface Area and Porosity", Pure
& Appl. Chem. 57, pp. 603-619.
[93] Song Kwang Sup et al. (2001), "Kinetics of propane combustion over
La0.66Sr0.34Ni0.3Co0.7O3 perovskite", Applied Catalysis A: General. 213
(1), pp. 113-121.
[94] Suzuki Motoyuki (1990), Adsorption Engineering, Elsevier Science.
[95] Terzyk Artur P. (2001), "The influence of activated carbon surface chemical
composition on the adsorption of acetaminophen (paracetamol) in vitro: Part
II. TG, FTIR, and XPS analysis of carbons and the temperature dependence
of adsorption kinetics at the neutral pH", Colloids and Surfaces A:
Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 177 (1), pp. 23-45.
[96] Tsonchevaa Tanya et al. (2013), "Catalytic VOCs elimination over copper
and cerium oxide modified mesoporous SBA-15 silica", Applied
Catalysis A: General. 453, pp. 1-12.
[97] Upadhyay Santosh K. (2006), Chemical Kinetics and Reaction Dynamics,
Springer, India.
[98] Vannice M. Albert (2005), Kinetics of Catalytic Reactions, Springer.
[99] Vass M. I. et al. (1996), "Complete oxidation of benzene on Co/Cr and
Co/Cr oxide catalysts", Catalysis today. 29 (1–4), pp. 463-470.
[100] Webb P.A. et al. (1997), Analytical Methods in Fine Particle Technology,
Micromeritics Instrument Corp
[101] Wu Jeffrey Chi-Sheng et al. (2000), "Low-temperature complete oxidation of
BTX on Pt/activated carbon catalysts", Catalysis today. 63 (2–4), pp. 419-
426.
108
[102] Yuan Zhenle et al. (2011), "Hydrogenolysis of glycerol over homogenously
dispersed copper on solid base catalysts", Applied Catalysis B:
Environmental. 101 (3), pp. 431-440.
[103] Zhan Haijuan et al. (2014), "Methanol synthesis from CO2 hydrogenation
over La–M–Cu–Zn–O (M = Y, Ce, Mg, Zr) catalysts derived from
perovskite-type precursors", Journal of Power Sources. 251, pp. 113-121.
[104] Zhang Mingqian et al. (1997), "Catalytic deep oxidation of volatile organic
compounds over fluorinated carbon supported platinum catalysts at low
temperatures", Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 13 (2), pp. 123-130.
[105] Zhiqiang Luan et al. (1993), "The investigation for the deactivation
mechanism of Cu-Cr impregnated carbon by XPS ", Carbon. 31 (7), pp.
1179-1184.
[106] Zhu J. et al. (2016), "Adsorption dynamics and rate assessment of volatile
organic compounds in active carbon", Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics.
18 (39), pp. 27175-27178.
! "# $% &'() * $+&
,-'&)./0%1
2-&%)345
67,&)8%/9:
;'&)?!@$
&A)*B?B CC) )C$@ D#'EFFDAF%-4&)9
:%,-'&&A)*BGB C*)*)D@ D#'EFF.H&,-!)GG!*5
I&-%,&)CB B G )**)CD@ ,-'&@FF)!GG+
J,;&&-1&)?!G ?1,K@&F6&A :%'A;&&-1&)!L**1,K@&F6&A
<M6'7%##&4') F 3%N$&FF6&O%F&)9%#&
,-'&OFE) !+B1,K D6%,1O&+F)9%
:%,,F)@6)./0%1!O&+F%:4%9%#+CH!9+E?H#+*#, C!
PQQRS
PT
#+'&-%#F6U1&&-B-VW! ?L) >!*?G,XB+
.<6U1&D&) L!?L,XB+
/$'%@1%-%&D&) L!LC??,XB+
/$'%!GGG,XB+
.Z8DAF%-%#16,6'4&F6U1&&%U-%&F
7&N& !G#,#A!#,NAH) >!?L*,XB+
.Z8O&F%-%#16,6'4&F6U1&&%U-%&F
7&N& !G#,#A!#,NAH)!LG,XB+
[\Q
/$'%,1%-%&4%'6,&)!CLG?G1,KB+
.Z8DAF%-%#16,6'4&4%'6,&%U-%&F
7&N& !G#,#A!#,NAH)! *CL1,KB+
.Z8O&F%-%#16,6'4&4%'6,&%U-%&F
7&N& !G#,#A!#,NAH)!CL1,KB+
[P]
.Z8DAF%-%#4&+&-%&NAH^CBD_)?!C ?#,
.Z8O&F%-%#4&+&-%&NAH^CBD_)*!L C>#,
! "# $% &'() * $+&,
-.'&)/01%2
3.&%)456
78-&)9%0:;
!!>/=0>0?,!@$
&A)*B,B CC) )C$@ D#'EFFDAF%.5&):
;%-.'&&A)*BGB C*)*)D@ D#'EFF/H&-.!)GG!*6
I&.%-&)CB B G )**)CD@ -.'&@FF)!GG+
J-<&&.2&),!G ,2-K@&F7&A ;%'A<&&.2&)!L**2-K@&F7&A
=M7'8%##&5') F 4%N$&FF7&O%F&):%#&
-.'&OFE) !+B2-K D7%-2O&+F):%
;%--F)@7)/01%2!O&+F%;5%:%#+CH!:+E,H#+*#- C!
I&'5&$&FF7&P.B.QR
! ! ! ! !C !* !, !G !L !? !
S
7
#
E
D
A
F
%
8
&
A
P
2
-
K
B
+
$
R
*
*
*
T
UVWX
/01%20DAF%.%#
/01%20O&F%.%#
! "# $% &'() * $+&
,-'&)./0%1
2-&%)345
67,&)8%/9:
;'&)?!@$
&A)*B?B CC) )C$@ D#'EFFDAF%-4&)9
:%,-'&&A)*BGB C*)*)D@ D#'EFF.H&,-!)GG!*5
I&-%,&)CB B G )**)CD@ ,-'&@FF)!GG+
J,;&&-1&)?!G ?1,K@&F6&A :%'A;&&-1&)!L**1,K@&F6&A
<M6'7%##&4') F 3%N$&FF6&O%F&)9%#&
,-'&OFE) !+B1,K D6%,1O&+F)9%
:%,,F)@6)./0%1!O&+F%:4%9%#+CH!9+E?H#+*#, C!
$%&JAHP#,Q
C * ? G L > C
$
%
&
%
'
6
,
&
P
1
,
K
B
+
Q
!
!*
!
! *
!
!*
!
$
%
&
%
'
6
,
&
P
1
,
K
B
+
R
#
,
Q
!
!*
!
! *
!
!*
!
ST U
VWX
YZX[\]^
8_#F#A`6)56_/`%#&1/E1%&1%#
.`8O&F%-%#:6,6'4&$%&%'6,&P3+&Q
.`8O&F%-%#ABAN$%&%'6,&
! "# $% &'() * $+&
,-'&)./012/
3-&%)456
07,&)8%19/
:'&);)?!@$
&A)*BCB DD) )D$@ 2#'EFF2AF%-5&)9
/%,-'&&A)*BGB D*)*)2@ 2#'EFF=H&,-!)GG!*6
I&-%,&)DB B G )?)D$@ ,-'&@FF)!DG+
J,:&&-K&)C!CG?K,L@&F0&A /%'A:&&-K&)!>DK,L@&F0&A
;M0'7%##&5') F 4%N$&FF0&O%F&)9%#&
,-'&OFE) !+BK,L 20%,KO&+F)9%
/%,,F)@0)./012/!O&+F%/5%9%#+DH!9+ECH#+*#, D!
PQQRS
PT
#+'&-%#F0UK&&-B-VW! C*>D?) >!*>>,XB+
=;0UK&2&) !>D>,XB+
1$'%@K%-%&2&) !CD*,XB+
1$'%;Y&#'0UK&2&) >!>GG,XB+
=Z82AF%-%#K0,0'5&F0UK&&%U-%&F
7&N& !G#,#A!#,NAH) >!?>,XB+
=Z8O&F%-%#K0,0'5&F0UK&&%U-%&F
7&N& !G#,#A!#,NAH)!GC>C,XB+
[\Q
1$'%,K%-%&5%'0,&)!D?*>CGK,LB+
=Z82AF%-%#K0,0'5&5%'0,&%U-%&F
7&N& !G#,#A!#,NAH)! CCK,LB+
=Z8O&F%-%#K0,0'5&5%'0,&%U-%&F
7&N& !G#,#A!#,NAH)!>?>K,LB+
[P]
=Z82AF%-%#5&+&-%&NAH^DB2_)C!G#,
=Z8O&F%-%#5&+&-%&NAH^DB2_)*!G*G #,
! "# $% &'() * $+&,
-.'&)/01230
4.&%)567
18-&)9%2:0
;'&)<2=2?@!A$
&B)*C,C DD) )D$A 3#'EFF3BF%.6&):
0%-.'&&B)*CGC D*)*)3A 3#'EFF>H&-.!)GG!*7
I&.%-&)DC C G )@)D$A -.'&AFF)!DG+
J-;&&.K&),!,G@K-LA&F1&B 0%'B;&&.K&)!?DK-LA&F1&B
<M1'8%##&6') F 5%N$&FF1&O%F&):%#&
-.'&OFE) !+CK-L 31%-KO&+F):%
0%--F)A1)/01230!O&+F%06%:%#+DH!:+E,H#+*#- D!
I&'6&$&FF1&P.C.QR
! ! ! ! !D !* !, !G !@ !? !
S
1
#
E
3
B
F
%
8
&
B
P
K
-
L
C
+
$
R
*
*
*
T
UVWX
/0123023BF%.%#
/012302O&F%.%#
! "# $% &'() * $+&
,-'&)./012/
3-&%)456
07,&)8%19/
:'&);)?!@$
&A)*BCB DD) )D$@ 2#'EFF2AF%-5&)9
/%,-'&&A)*BGB D*)*)2@ 2#'EFF=H&,-!)GG!*6
I&-%,&)DB B G )?)D$@ ,-'&@FF)!DG+
J,:&&-K&)C!CG?K,L@&F0&A /%'A:&&-K&)!>DK,L@&F0&A
;M0'7%##&5') F 4%N$&FF0&O%F&)9%#&
,-'&OFE) !+BK,L 20%,KO&+F)9%
/%,,F)@0)./012/!O&+F%/5%9%#+DH!9+ECH#+*#, D!
$%&JAHP#,Q
D * C G ? >
$
%
&
%
'
0
,
&
P
K
,
L
B
+
Q
!
!*
!
! *
!
!*
!
$
%
&
%
'
0
,
&
P
K
,
L
B
+
R
#
,
Q
!
!*
!
! *
!
!*
!
ST U
VWX
YZX[\]^
8_#F#A`0)60_1`%#&K1EK%&K%#
=`8O&F%-%#/0,0'5&$%&%'0,&P4+&Q
=`8O&F%-%#ABAN$%&%'0,&
! "# $% &'() * $+&
,-'&)./01
2-&%)345
16,&)7%87%'
9'&):);!!;$
&?)@A A *) ) $> B#'CDDB?D%-4&)E
0%,-'&&?)@A FA )FG)B> B#'CDD<H&,-!)GG!*5
I&-%,&)FA A G )FG) B> ,-'&>DD)!* +
J,9&&-K&).!F@=K,L>&D1&? 0%'?9&&-K&)!*.*K,L>&D1&?
:M1'6%##&4') D 3%N$&DD1&O%D&)E%#&
,-'&ODC) !+AK,L B1%,KO&+D)E%
0%,,D)>1>F)O&+D%*0%#+.H!E+CH#+#, !>1K17%8E07%'!
PQQRS
PT
#+'&-%#D1UK&&-A-VW! *G@=F) @!F@.,XA+
<:1UK&B&) !.@@,XA+
8$'%>K%-%&B&) =!G ,XA+
8$'%:Y&#'1UK&B&)=!@G@,XA+
<Z7B?D%-%#K1,1'4&D1UK&&%U-%&D
6&N& !G#,#?!#,N?H)=!G*,XA+
<Z7O&D%-%#K1,1'4&D1UK&&%U-%&D
6&N& !G#,#?!#,N?H)!*@..,XA+
[\Q
8$'%,K%-%&4%'1,&)!FGG@=K,LA+
<Z7B?D%-%#K1,1'4&4%'1,&%U-%&D
6&N& !G#,#?!#,N?H)!. =K,LA+
<Z7O&D%-%#K1,1'4&4%'1,&%U-%&D
6&N& !G#,#?!#,N?H)!*= =@K,LA+
[P]
<Z7B?D%-%#4&+&-%&N?H^FAB_)=!.*G#,
<Z7O&D%-%#4&+&-%&N?H^FAB_)G!.G#,
! "# $% &'() * $+&,
-.'&),/01
2.&%)345
16-&)7%87%'
9'&):);!!;$
&?)@A A *) ) $> B#'CDDB?D%.4&)E
0%-.'&&?)@A FA )FG)B> B#'CDD<H&-.!)GG!*5
I&.%-&)FA A G )FG) B> -.'&>DD)!* +
J-9&&.K&),!F@=K-L>&D1&? 0%'?9&&.K&)!*,*K-L>&D1&?
:M1'6%##&4') D 3%N$&DD1&O%D&)E%#&
-.'&ODC) !+AK-L B1%-KO&+D)E%
0%--D)>1>F)O&+D%*0%#+,H!E+CH#+#- !>1K17%8E07%'!
I&'4&$&DD1&P.A.QR
! ! ! ! !F !* !, !G != !@ !
S
1
#
C
B
?
D
%
6
&
?
P
K
-
L
A
+
$
R
*
*
*
*
T
UVWX
,/018B?D%.%#
,/018O&D%.%#
! "# $% &'() * $+&
,-'&)./01
2-&%)345
16,&)7%87%'
9'&):);!!;$
&?)@A A *) ) $> B#'CDDB?D%-4&)E
0%,-'&&?)@A FA )FG)B> B#'CDD<H&,-!)GG!*5
I&-%,&)FA A G )FG) B> ,-'&>DD)!* +
J,9&&-K&).!F@=K,L>&D1&? 0%'?9&&-K&)!*.*K,L>&D1&?
:M1'6%##&4') D 3%N$&DD1&O%D&)E%#&
,-'&ODC) !+AK,L B1%,KO&+D)E%
0%,,D)>1>F)O&+D%*0%#+.H!E+CH#+#, !>1K17%8E07%'!
$%&J?HP#,Q
F . = F . =
$
%
&
%
'
1
,
&
P
K
,
L
A
+
Q
!
!*
!
! *
!
!*
!
!*
!F
!F*
!*
!**
$
%
&
%
'
1
,
&
P
K
,
L
A
+
R
#
,
Q
!
!*
!
! *
!
!*
!
!*
ST U
VWX
YZX[\]^
7_#D#?`1)51_8`%#&K8CK%&K%#
<`7O&D%-%#01,1'4&$%&%'1,&P3+&Q
<`7O&D%-%#?A?N$%&%'1,&
! "# $% &'() * $+&
,-'&)./01230
4-&%)567
18,&)9%2:0
;'&)<2=2??!@$
&A)*B.B CC).).$@ 3#'DEE3AE%-6&):
0%,-'&&A)*B?B C )?)C3@ 3#'DEE>F&,-!)GG!*7
H&-%,&)CB B G )*)C 3@ ,-'&@EE)!*? +
I,;&&-J&)K!K*KJ,L@&E1&A 0%'A;&&-J&)! GJ,L@&E1&A
<M1'8%##&6') E 5%N$&EE1&O%E&):%#&
,-'&OED) !+BJ,L 31%,JO&+E):%
0%,,E)@1)./01230!O&+E%06%:%#+CF!:+D.F#+*#, C!
PQQRS
PT
#+'&-%#E1UJ&&-B-VW! K*KCC) GC!.?.,XB+
><1UJ&3&) G!***,XB+
2$'%@J%-%&3&) * ! ,XB+
2$'%<Y&#'1UJ&3&) ?!C*,XB+
>Z93AE%-%#J1,1'6&E1UJ&&%U-%&E
8&N& !G#,#A!#,NAF) ?!*.,XB+
>Z9O&E%-%#J1,1'6&E1UJ&&%U-%&E
8&N& !G#,#A!#,NAF)!.?K,XB+
[\Q
2$'%,J%-%&6%'1,&)!CK?J,LB+
>Z93AE%-%#J1,1'6&6%'1,&%U-%&E
8&N& !G#,#A!#,NAF)!.K?J,LB+
>Z9O&E%-%#J1,1'6&6%'1,&%U-%&E
8&N& !G#,#A!#,NAF)!.KCJ,LB+
[P]
>Z93AE%-%#6&+&-%&NAF^CB3_)K!K#,
>Z9O&E%-%#6&+&-%&NAF^CB3_)*!C* #,
! "# $% &'() * $+&,
-.'&)/012341
5.&%)678
29-&):%3;1
!!>?=3>3@@!A$
&B)*C/C DD)/)/$A 4#'EFF4BF%.7&);
1%-.'&&B)*C@C D )@)D4A 4#'EFF?G&-.!)HH!*8
I&.%-&)DC C H )*)D 4A -.'&AFF)!*@ +
J-<&&.K&),!,*,K-LA&F2&B 1%'B<&&.K&)! HK-LA&F2&B
=M2'9%##&7') F 6%N$&FF2&O%F&);%#&
-.'&OFE) !+CK-L 42%-KO&+F);%
1%--F)A2)/012341!O&+F%17%;%#+DG!;+E/G#+*#- D!
I&'7&$&FF2&P.C.QR
! ! ! ! !D !* !, !H !/ !@ !
S
2
#
E
4
B
F
%
9
&
B
P
K
-
L
C
+
$
R
*
*
*
T
UVWX
/01234134BF%.%#
/0123413O&F%.%#
! "# $% &'() * $+&
,-'&)./01230
4-&%)567
18,&)9%2:0
;'&)<2=2??!@$
&A)*B.B CC).).$@ 3#'DEE3AE%-6&):
0%,-'&&A)*B?B C )?)C3@ 3#'DEE>F&,-!)GG!*7
H&-%,&)CB B G )*)C 3@ ,-'&@EE)!*? +
I,;&&-J&)K!K*KJ,L@&E1&A 0%'A;&&-J&)! GJ,L@&E1&A
<M1'8%##&6') E 5%N$&EE1&O%E&):%#&
,-'&OED) !+BJ,L 31%,JO&+E):%
0%,,E)@1)./01230!O&+E%06%:%#+CF!:+D.F#+*#, C!
$%&IAFP#,Q
C * K G . ?
$
%
&
%
'
1
,
&
P
J
,
L
B
+
Q
!
!*
!
! *
!
!*
$
%
&
%
'
1
,
&
P
J
,
L
B
+
R
#
,
Q
!
!*
!
! *
!
!*
!
!*
ST U
VWX
YZX[\]^
9_#E#A`1)71_2`%#&J2DJ%&J%#
>`9O&E%-%#01,1'6&$%&%'1,&P5+&Q
>`9O&E%-%#ABAN$%&%'1,&
!"#! $%&'(!() "*$
+,%$'-.+/0-.12
1,$#'345
.6+$'7. *89::.$
;%$'-'/<9<(!<!8?)@A"
$B')C(C(!)'@?'?"A %DEEBE#,4$'/(
-#+,%$$B')C(@C(!)'('))A %DEEFG$+,')5
H$,#+$')C(C(!')@'@@"A +,%$AEE')?*
=+;$$,I$'@J)JI+KA$E.$B -#%B;$$,I$'(!(I+KA$E.$B
LM.%6# > $4%'!E 3#N"$EE.$9#E$'/# $
+,%$9$ ED'!*CI+K .#+I9$*E'/#
-#++$ E'A.'-.+/0-.129$*E#()-4#/(# *)GA.I.7. *89::.$/*D(8)8(!
H$%4$"$EE.$0,C,O2
! ( @ ) ? J !
7
.
D
B
E
#
6
$
B
0
I
+
K
C
*
"
2
!
(
@
)
?
PQRSTUVWXTYUZ[QR
-.+/0-.128BE#,#
-.+/0-.1289$E#,#
!"#! $%&'(!() "*$+
,-%$'./,01./23
2-$#'456
/7,$'8/ *9:;;/$
?0=:=(!=!9@)+A"
$B')C(C(!)'+@'@"A %DEEBE#-5$'0(
.#,-%$$B')C(+C(!)'('))A %DEEFG$,-')6
H$-#,$')C(C(!')+'++"A ,-%$AEE')@*
>,<$$-I$'+J)JI,KA$E/$B .#%B<$$-I$'(!(I,KA$E/$B
LM/%7# ? $5%'!E 4#N"$EE/$:#E$'0# $
,-%$:$ ED'!*CI,K /#,I:$*E'0#
.#,,$ E'A/'./,01./23:$*E#().5#0(# *)GA/I/8/ *9:;;/$0*D(9)9(!
O
PQRSTUQUSUVWQX
FL/YI$$'!!JZ!(,[C*
%#-$'!!((Z!*CI,K"
\9? $I$-')Z)J*CI,K"
.'((@((J
8,'@)(I,KC*"
.#$%# .#$YI$ 'JJJJJJ
A#%$I/%.#EE9$I# %$'!( ,[
H$%5$
"$EE/$
1-C-]3
8/ D
BE#7$B
1I,KC*"3
!C^81-]C-9!3_
+J))+ @!! (!
J)@+ @@ @@!
@J+(+@ @J) !J)+
!J))!J J(+ !)
!(J)(J+ J)!@ !)!
!+J+) J@+ !J!
!J+()JJ+ !)) ((@)
!@J+)) !(J ((((
(J(+ !!) (+J+J
((J(@+J !J (()
(+J(++@+ !!(!+ (J)
!"#! $%&'(!() "*$!!
+,%$'-.+/0-.12
1,$#'345
.6+$'7. *89::.$
;%$'-'/<9<(!<!8?)@A"
$B')C(C(!)'@?'?"A %DEEBE#,4$'/(
-#+,%$$B')C(@C(!)'('))A %DEEFG$+,')5
H$,#+$')C(C(!')@'@@"A +,%$AEE')?*
=+;$$,I$'@J)JI+KA$E.$B -#%B;$$,I$'(!(I+KA$E.$B
LM.%6# > $4%'!E 3#N"$EE.$9#E$'/# $
+,%$9$ ED'!*CI+K .#+I9$*E'/#
-#++$ E'A.'-.+/0-.129$*E#()-4#/(# *)GA.I.7. *89::.$/*D(8)8(!
"#$=BG0 +2
( @ ? ! ( @ ?
"
#
$
#
%
.
+
$
0
I
+
K
C
*
2
(
@
?
!
!(
"
#
$
#
%
.
+
$
0
I
+
K
C
*
O
+
2
!
!)
(
()
)
@
@)
)
))
)
PQ RSTUVWXTYZ[Z\]WX^_`TU_ T\Z[_
-.+/0-.12
Fa:BE#,# BCBN"#$#%.+$
Phụ lục 2: PHỔ HỒNG NGOẠI
Mẫu 8%Cu-AC sau xử lý nhiệt
!"# $ %
&!'
()
*&
'+,-
.'
/!''001
(
0+2-30-30456$
7'88'55'5$6 &!6 99':;;%
&!7'885';<'$6 =&
(':8<85';':$6
9'(& 4&
% 77>
?
, 7 .
@=&
ABCDEFGH IJK
!@99(@&'*
!.
'L
6 97/!
M= '>N($8
% !*?9'
% !,7'L
:4(
& O9 , ! .!?
9P&
ABCDQFGJH RESTUVCDWESXYQZ[W\SC VCDK
!@99(@&'(& $
% 7=7>
!.
']25:^($=3_;!8
6 97/!
M= ';>N($8
% !*?9'4<#
% !,7'` 9
$ O
L.
(&
6 P]a^
b @]>N8%
($^
$ O
>
]_^
:;; 5; ;
:;:; 5: ;
5 ## <#5
!"# $ %
&!'
()
*&
'+,-
.'
/!''001
(
0+2-30-30456$
7'88'55'5$6 &!6 99':;;%
&!7'885';<'$6 =&
(':8<85';':$6
9'(& 4&
% 77>
?
, 7 .
(& @AB
5 ; : # <
(
1
%
!
@
B
;
;
;
CDEFGH IHJKJLMNJOHK
(1% !@ B4P($=Q7%8RS34
R;!8T
!"# $ %
&!'
()
*&
'+,-
.'
/!''001
(
0+2-30-30456$
7'88'55'5$6 &!6 99':;;%
&!7'885';<'$6 =&
(':8<85';'#$6
9'(& 4&
% 77>
?
, 7 .
(& @AB
; ; ;; : :; # #; <
(
1
>
;
;
CDCEFEGEHIJKGL
##
:;:;
:;;
(1
>
4M($=N7%8OP34
O;!8Q
!"# $ %
&!'()*+,
-&
'./0
1'
2!''334
(
3.50634(*$6783*9$
:';$9 &!9 ??'>%
&!:';'=$9
?'( ()*( B,-=C*6 !
%!DD'E+,%
=
%=/
,,% D=*;*
DA&
FGHIJKLM NOP
!D??(D&'-
!1
',
9 ?:2!
QA 'RS($<
% !-T?'
% !/:',
;*(
& U? / ! 1!T
?V&
FGHIWKLOM XJYZ[\HI]JY^_W`a]bYH \HIP
!D??(D&'(& $
% :A:R
!1
'B5@C,Q(4($A*6
!1
*@**
9 ?:2!
QA 'RS($<
% !-T?'*
% !/:'c?
$ U
,1
(&
9 VBdC
e D
B
!<%C
$ U
R
B+C
@ =#; =
= @
= @;> ;;> @
;=# @> @
@ ; ;@; =
!"# $ %
&!'()*+,
-&
'./0
1'
2!''334
(
3.50634(*$6783*9$
:';$9 &!9 ??'>%
&!:';'=$9
?'( ()*( B,-=C*6 !
%!DD'E+,%
=
%=/
,,% D=*;*
(& BFC
= @ ; # >
(
4
%
!
B
C
*
;
>
GHIJKL MLNONPQRNSLO
(4% !B C*T($AU:%<E+6*
E@!<V
!"# $ %&
'!()*+,-
.'
(/01
2(
3!((445
)
4/61745)+$7894+:$
;($: '!: ??(>%
'!;((&$:
?() )*+) B-.&C+7 !
%!DD(E,-%
&
%&0
--% D&+<+
)' BFC
@ @ & &@ @ @ @@
)
5
G
>
<
>
HIHJKJLJMNOPLQ
<
<&#
@
&
@
)5
G
+R)$AS;%=E,7+
E@!=T
!"# $ %
&!'($)*+',-
.&
'/01
2'+
*3+
4!''553
(
5/61+51+5*#,7$
8'9:#:;'9'<
7 &!7 =='<,%
&!8'9:#:;;';9';;$7 )&
('<::#;'<9'<$7
='($)*+(=' &!',-2'+
*3+>% ?8
'#*9*;
?)&
@ABCDEFG HIJ@KL
!?==(?&'.
!2
'>
7 =84!
M) 'NO($:
% !.P='
% !08'>
,*(
& Q= 0 ! 2!P
=R&
@ABCJEFSG TDUVWXBCYDUZIJH[Y\UB XBCL
!?==(?&'(& $
% 8)8N
!2
']6;,^($)+-<!:
7 =84!
M) '<NO($:
% !.P='*;;
% !08'_=
$ Q
>2
(&
7 R]`^
a ?
]
!:%^
$ Q
N
]-^
# ;,
;; # ,
; ;9 ;< ;
#< ,;;
< ,9 ;<;9 #
, 9 ,< ;9
# <; , ,
!"# $ %
&!'($)*+',-
.&
'/01
2'+
*3+
4!''553
(
5/61+51+5*#,7$
8'9:#:;'9'<
7 &!7 =='<,%
&!8'9:#:;;';9';;$7 )&
('<::#;'<9'<$7
='($)*+(=' &!',-2'+
*3+>% ?8
'#*9*;
(& @AB
; < , # 9
(
3
%
!
@
B
;
<
,
#
9
CDEFGH IHJKJLMNJOHK
(3% !@ B*P($)Q8%:R-+*
R<!:S
!"# $ %&
'!()$*+,(-.
/'
(012
3(,
+4,
5!((664
)
6072,62,6+#-8$
9(:;#;&(:(<
8 '!8 ==(<-%
'!9(:;#;&&(&:(&&$8 *'
)(<;;#&(<:(<$8
=()$*+,)=( '!(-.3(,
+4,>% ?9
(#+:+&
)' @AB
< < & &< < < << - -< # #< :
)
4
C
&
<
-
#
:
DEDFGFHFIJKLHM
<&
:
-:
#<
&:
&&
)4
C
+N)$*O9%;P.,+
P<!;Q
!"# $ %
&!'($)*+',-.
/&
'0(((
1'+
*2+
3!''442
(
4#4*5,6$
7'.8.#,'99'9
6 &!6 ::',%
&!7'.8.#'8'
6 )&
('.,.#8'99'$6
:'8**#
;)&
?@ABCD> EF GHIJ@KLMN>?O@KPHIGQORK> N>?S
!;::(;&'(& $
% 7)7T
!1
'UV85W($)*+* !1
*,**5
6 :73!
X) '8TY($.
% !/Z:'*,,#9
% ![7'\
$ ]
\1
(&
6 ^U_W
` ;
U
!.%W
$ ]
T
U-W
,9 8# 9
89 99 #5
9 5 , 9,
95 5558 ,
8 88 5
5 588# #5988
!"# $ %
&!'($)*+',-.
/&
'0(((
1'+
*2+
3!''442
(
4#4*5,6$
7'.8.#,'99'9
6 &!6 ::',%
&!7'.8.#'8'
6 )&
('.,.#8'99'$6
:'8**#
(& ;<=
9 8 5 # ,
(
2
%
!
;
=
*
*
*
*,
*5
*
*
>?@ABC DCEFEGHIEJCF
(2% !; =*K &!:($)*+L7%.M-+*
M8!.N
!"# $ %&
'!()$*+,(-./
0'
(1)))
2(,
+3,
4!((553
)
5#5+6-7$
8(/9/#-(&&(&
7 '!7 ::(-%
'!8(/9/#(9(
7 *'
)(/-/#9(&&($7
:(9++#
)' ;<=
9 9 & &9 9 9 99 6 69 # #9 -
)
3
>
6
-
6
?@?ABACADEFGCH
699#
99
&6
6
9&
-&
)3
>
+I '!:)$*+,J8%/K.,+
K9!/L
!"# $ %
&!'($)*+',
,&
'-./
0'+
*1
2!''334
(
353*67$
8'9695:':'6$7 &!7 ;;'::6%
&!8'9695''<$7 )&
('9695'<':$7
;'($)*+
=,; &!1% >8
6**5
>)&
?@ABCDEFGA HI JKLMCNOPQABRCNSKLJTRUNA QABV
!>;;(>&'(& $
% 8)8W
!0
'XY65Z($)*+* !0
*<**5
7 ;82!
[) '6W\($9
% !,=;'*<66
% !.8'1
$ ]
10
(&
7 ^X_Z
` >
X
!9%Z
$ ]
W
XaZ
#< 5:5: 5
!"# $ %
&!'($)*+',
,&
'-./
0'+
*1
2!''334
(
353*67$
8'9695:':'6$7 &!7 ;;'::6%
&!8'9695''<$7 )&
('9695'<':$7
;'($)*+
=,; &!1% >8
6**5
(& ?@A
6 6 6 : :6 6 6
(
4
%
!
?
A
*5
*6
*
*:
*
*
BCDEFG HGIJIKLMINGJ
(4% !? A*O &!;($)*+P8%9QR+*
Q6!9S
!"# $ %&
'!()$*+,(-
-'
(./0
1(,
+2
3!((445
)
464+78$
9(:7:6&(&(7$8 '!8 ;;(&&7%
'!9(:7:6((<$8 *'
)(:7:6(<(&$8
;()$*+,
=-; '!2% >9
7++6
)' ?@A
& 7 6 # < & & & &&
)
5
B
&
7
6
#
CDCEFEGEHIJKGL
#<
)5
B
+M '!;)$*+,N9%:OP,+
O7!:Q
4/27/2017
Project 26-04
4/27/2017
Project 26-04
Spectrum 1
Element Line Type Weight % Weight % Sigma Atomic %
C K series 81.92 0.43 89.22
O K series 11.47 0.36 9.37
Cu L series 6.21 0.28 1.27
K K series 0.38 0.05 0.13
Al K series 0.02 0.04 0.01
Total 100.00 100.00
4/27/2017
Project 26-04
Spectrum 2
Element Line Type Weight % Weight % Sigma Atomic %
C K series 80.92 0.39 88.58
O K series 12.06 0.24 9.90
Cu L series 6.51 0.34 1.34
Al K series 0.06 0.03 0.03
K K series 0.45 0.04 0.15
Total 100.00 100.00
4/27/2017
Project 26-04
Spectrum 3
Element Line Type Weight % Weight % Sigma Atomic %
C K series 81.42 0.44 88.85
O K series 11.82 0.38 9.67
Cu L series 6.15 0.28 1.26
K K series 0.56 0.06 0.02
Al K series 0.05 0.04 0.20
Total 100.00 100.00
! "#$%"& '()& *+),-.$/& 0,1&
*,2-34 5067558
42+,+39:;
*<)+3=,76=#)(
>)-33? ! "?65?9#@;='?;='?"""7&/A%*B0
*,+C3DE FE "&GG3A&3"D0B *,2-B,HH3"%& F/1
2-C3DE FE "&G!3&G3"&0B I2+5)3$EDE "&/A3A"3"D0B
(H350674 J558% FE& E "&"%
*,+KI2+
LM NO N
P
(,-KH)H5K2352+,+0+1+,C6H+2)(
,-)<+,)(3Q(
B,H+C>-RI,3"%""ST*50E)(
*)1(,-4JH3"%"""""
*)1(,-(:+C3Q
$ $F75+,+(2,UH,:,)-,<-J+)HV2+)(%
LM O N
P
(,-KH)H5K2352+,+0+1+,C4V)C,)(
,-)<+,)(3W ! @""$GX50674 7 ASG7 G7&&7 "&&
B,H+C>-RI,3 A%"/ST*50E)(
*)1(,-4JH37G% $D!F
*)1(,-(:+C3Q
0,U
Q<+
52+,+,
B,V)WYX
Z,()K
W-E1X
0,U
(S(+,)(
W[X
& &!G%! "%" A&G &"% $
G$!%G "%""G$/ &"% $
G G$D%" "%"&AD$ &"% $
! "#$%"& '()& *+),-.$/& 0,1$
*,2-34 5067558
42+,+39:;
*<)+3=,76=#)(
>)-33? ! "?65?9#@;='?;='?"""7&/A%*B0
*,+C3DE FE "&GG3A&3"D0B *,2-B,HH3"%& F/1
2-C3DE FE "&G!3&G3"&0B I2+5)3$EDE "&/A3A"3"D0B
(H350674 J558% FE& E "&"%
52+,+KLM
& " &$" &F" &D" "" " $" F" D" G"" G " G$"
5
6
*
)
1
(
,
-
K
,
%
%
M
7"%""$A
7"%""$"
7"%""GA
7"%""G"
7"%"" A
7"%"" "
7"%""&A
7"%""&"
7"%"""A
"%""""
N
O PQR STTU VT N
56*)1(,-K,%%M7&"E)(
! "#$%"& '()& *+),-.$/& 0,12
*,3-45 6078669
53+,+4:;<
*=)+4>,87>#)(
?)-44@ ! "@76@:#A'@'@"""8&/B%*C0
*,+D4EF 2F "&GG4B&4"E0C *,3-C,HH4"%& 2/1
3-D4EF 2F "&G!4&G4"&0C I3+6)4$FEF "&/B4B"4"E0C
(H460785 J669% 2F& F "&"%
63+,+KLM
& " &$" &2" &E" "" " $" 2" E" G"" G " G$"
6
7
(
N
(
+
,
)
(
&"% B
&"% G"
&"% GB
&"% $"
&"% $B
&"% B"
&"% BB
&"% 2"
&"% 2B
O
P
QR O
67(N(+,)(8&"F)(
$ 28ST3+)(HU+H-NDJ+)(N-H)()()H+3+%
! "#$%"& '()& *+),-.$/& 0,1&
*,2-34 506789
42+,+3:;<
*=)+3
>)-33? ! "?65?:#@<A'?<A'?"""7&/$%*B0
*,+C3DE FE "&F&"3$F3FGB *,2-B,HH3"%& 8 1
2-C3DE FE "&F$3&83$ 0B I2+5)3$EDE "&/G3$G3$$0B
(H350674 J7K&L),-)=+,)(% E& E "&"%
*,+MI2+
NO PQ P
R
(,-MH)H5M2352+,+0+1+,C6H+2)(
,-)=+,)(3S(
B,H+C>-TI,3"%""UV*50E)(
*)1(,-4JH3"%"""""
*)1(,-(;+C3S
$ $875+,+(2,WH,;,)-,=-J+)HX2+)(%
NO Q P
R
(,-MH)H5M2352+,+0+1+,C6H+2)(
,-)=+,)(3Y ! @""$FZ50674 7 GUF7 F7&&7 "&&
B,H+C>-TI,3 G%"$UV*50E)(
*)1(,-4JH37F% F&F&
*)1(,-(;+C3S
0,W
S=+
52+,+,
B,X)Y[Z
\,()M
Y-E1Z
0,W
(U(+,)(
Y9Z
& $"%D "%""!/" &"% G
F$D%& "%"&&F! &"% 8
F F8%D "%&D" " &"%F$
! "#$%"& '()& *+),-.$/& 0,1$
*,2-34 506789
42+,+3:;<
*=)+3
>)-33? ! "?65?:#@<A'?<A'?"""7&/$%*B0
*,+C3DE FE "&F&"3$F3FGB *,2-B,HH3"%& 8 1
2-C3DE FE "&F$3&83$ 0B I2+5)3$EDE "&/G3$G3$$0B
(H350674 J7K&L),-)=+,)(% E& E "&"%
52+,+MNO
& " &$" &8" &D" "" " $" 8" D" F"" F " F$"
5
6
*
)
1
(
,
-
M
,
%
%
O
7"%"&8
7"%"&$
7"%"&
7"%"&"
7"%""D
7"%""8
7"%""$
7"%""
P
Q RST UVVW XV P
56*)1(,-M,%%O7&"E)(
! "#$%"& '()& *+),-.$/& 0,12
*,3-45 607829
53+,+4:;<
*=)+4
>)-44? ! "?76?:#@<A'?<A'?"""8&/$%*B0
*,+C4DE FE "&F&"4$F4FGB *,3-B,HH4"%& 2 1
3-C4DE FE "&F$4&24$ 0B I3+6)4$EDE "&/G4$G4$$0B
(H460785 J8K&L),-)=+,)(% E& E "&"%
63+,+MNO
&$" &2" &D" "" " $" 2" D" F"" F " F$"
6
7
(
P
(
+
,
)
(
&"% $
&"% 2
&"% D
&"%F"
&"%F
&"%F$
&"%F2
Q
R
ST Q
67(P(+,)(8&"E)(
$ 28UV3+)(HW+H-PCJ+)(P-H)()()H+3+%
!"#$$
!"#$$
!"#$$
%&!'() * (+
* #) ,
*-$ #!(
.(&! )
# ( #)
!/#(
!0( ,#&+! ,#&+!
! !
!! !!
!"##
!"##
!"##
!"##
$% &'( )*'*
+"( ,
+-#"
'
.'/% (
"'"
(
/ 0"'
/ 1' ,"%* / ,"%*
!"##
$
!"##
!"##
%& '(
) *
+, -"(-
.") /
.0#" ( $
1(
& ) $
"(")
2"(
3( /"&-
/"&-
(#
!"#$$
!"#$$
!"#$$
%& !'(
) *+
, (-
. #) /
.0$ #!(
1(
& ! )
# ( #)
!2#(
!3( /#&-!
/#&-!
! !
!! !
!
!"##
$
$ $
!"##
$
$
%& '(
)
*(+
,") -
,.#" (
/(
& )
"(")
0"(
1( -"&+
-"&+